| Objective : The patients of severe craniocerebral injury show the high rates of death and mutilation.Secondary braini-njury is think to be the important factor which aggravates patient's condition.Nowadays,we are dissatisfied with the the-rapeutic efficacy of several craniocerebral injury patients.Most Domestic and overseas researches confirm that inflammatory factors have intimate association with the secondary brain injury. Therefore,it makes the studies about inflammatory factorsbecome the hot spot.The recent researches think that the ap-optosis of neurocyte occupy important location in the secondary brain injury and funct recovery,which wereprecipitated by the inflammatory reaction of necrosis nerve tissue,forinstance,the accrescence of proinflammatory cytokine,the ge-nerous free radical which was produced by oxidative stressgenerate toxic effect to brain tissue.Most scholars consider that the overexpression of inflammatory factor is an important factor which aggravates the secondary brain injury.Ther-e are parts of scholars consider that the inflammatory factor does brain protection after head injury.At present,the cognition of specific effect and mechanism abou t inflammatory factor has dissension.The treatment of antiinflammatory hasdispute after craniocerebral injury.It is necessary tomake an deeper study.The overexpressions of inflammatory factor TNF-αIL-1βand IL-6 are think to be the important reasons which aggravate the secondary brain injury after craniocerebral injury.Currently,the researches of the inflammatory factors aftercraniocerebral injury focus on the detection of cerebrospinalfluid and blood plasma.Whether it reflected the changes of inflammatory factors in the brain tissue deserve to call inquestion.This experiment plans to detect TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 of SD rats by Immunohistochemical method after the severe craniocerebral injury.We identify if the overexpressions of inflammatory factors are existent,and the expressions in the normal brain tissue and junctional zone are extensive. We yield the regularities of expressions in inflammatory fa-ctors after the severe craniocerebral injury,discuss their interactive relationships,and provid feasible methods of treatmentfor the patients of severe craniocerebral injury.Materials and methods: Seventy healthy male SD rats weighting from 250 to 300 g offered from the animal center of hebei medical university.They were divided randomly into seven groups(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).Every groups had 10 rats.They were anesthetized by 10 percent chloral hydrate from intraperitoneal injection(3ml/kg).When anesthesi a became valid,rats' cupula and occiput wool was snipped.Rats were cut open 4cm scalp follow median line in the cupula and occiput,stripped the soft tissue and periost,exposed bones of skull.Keepping dura undamaged,3mm before lambdoid suture,3mm beside median line of skull,we drilled 5mm round bony window.A free-falling object which caused severe craniocerebral injury was 30 gram,falled from 35 centimeter.Then, recording the attacked time,we sew up the scalp and raised them.Rats of G group were disclosed skull only as contrasts without brain contusion.The experimental animals of A,B,C,D,E and F group took samples differently at 24h,72h,120h,1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks after operation.All rats were killed by deep anesthesia and lavaged in PB contained 4% formal-dehydum polymerisatum via placing catheter from left ventricle to the major aorta.After satisfied,we stripped the brain tissue,took the zone behide the contusion and opposite sidezone correspondingly as experimental samples.We took the corresponding brain tissue from the contrastive group as contrast.The samples were fixed in 4% formaldehydum polymerisatum for about 24 hours and embedded in the paraffin.The slice thick was about 5um.Immunohistochemical stains(S-P):The processes were performed to examine the expression of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in the total samples.The positive reactant of immunohistochemistry was detected in quantitative detection by detectthe gray scale. The software package SPSS 11.5 was used for statistical analysis.The immunohistochemical results were reported as mean±standard deviation.The one-way ANOVA and SN-K-q test were used to analysis the datas.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results of immunohistochemistry: TNF-αwas stained in endochylema.Every experimentalgroups expressed.The control group expressed by chance.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The expressions of B and C groups were the most obvious.The differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The zonesbehide the contusion and opposite side expressed generally inthe C group.The differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The expressions in the zones behide the contusionwere much obviously than the opposite side in the A,B,D,E and F groups.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).IL-1βwas stained in endochylema.Every experimental groups expressed.The control group didn′t expressed.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The expressions of C group were the most obvious.IL-6 was stained in endochylema.Every experimental groups expressed in the zones behide the contusion.The G group didn′t expressed obviously.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The expressions of D group were the most obvious.The expressions in the opposite side zone were much obviously in the D,E and F groups.The A,B an d C groups expressed slightly in the opposite side zone.The differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions: 1. TNF-αexpressed in the earlier period after trauma.The highest expressions days were in the third and the fifth. The differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The expressions in the second week and third week were higher obviously than the normal.The overexpressions of T-NF-αare existent after severe traumatic head injury.The ex-pressions of the third week were higher than the second week(p<0.05).We consider the TNF-αparticipate reparative process of BI in restoration period after severe craniocerebralinjury. 2. IL-1βexpressed generally in the brain tissue after severe craniocerebral injury.In contrast with the control group,their expressions were in long time.The overexpressions of IL-1βwere existent after severe craniocerebral injury.The expressions of the fifth week were the highest time.The expressions of the second week and the third week were alsoobvious.We consider the IL-1βalso participate reparative process of BI in restoration period after severe craniocerebralinjury.Because of the fortified expressions in the first day,t-his experiment can′t indicate the TNF-αhad induced the e-xpressions of IL-1β. 3. The highest expressions of IL-6 were at the first week after BI.The expressions of the second week and the t-hird week were also obvious.The time of the highest expressions was later than TNF-αand IL-1β′s.TNF-αand IL-1βhave induced the expression of IL-6 possibly.Because of the obvious different expressions in the two sides of the brain tissue within one week,we consider the overexpressionsof IL-6 were not existent and it participated reparative pro-cess after BI. 4. The highest expressions of TNF-αand IL-1βwere at the third and the fifth day,this was accorded with the crest-time of brain edema clinically.This was close to cerebrospinal fluid detections.The detections of TNF-αand IL-1βincerebrospinal fluid can be used as an indirect index to reflect intraca inflammation and provid information for clinic. 5. Because the three factors continued to express highly at the third week,they maybe all participate reparative process after BI.
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