Studies On The Chemical Constituents Of Two Species Of Herb Plants Growing In Taibai Mountains

The family of Polygonum widely grows in our country; it has a lot ofspecies that most of them have been used as the Chinese Traditional Herbal Medicineby local people in countryside. Six of them have been embodied by the ChinesePharmacopoeia in 2005. The chemical composition of Polygonum family is complex;most of them have different biologic activities, such as anti-microbial,anti-inflammation, anti-tumour, anti-cancer, acesodyne, and so on. In the paper, thechemical constituents of Polygonum taipaishanense were isolated and identified. Theessential oil was extracted by steam-distillation and the separated components wereidentified by GC-MS. The essential oil from P. taipaishanense was evaluated with theminimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC). The chemical constituents from the fruits of Libanotis buchtormensis wereisolated and identified. The essential oils of flowers and fruits were extracted bysteam-distillation. The components of two essential oils were separated and identifiedby GC and GC-MS, respectively. The antimicrobial effect of the essential oils of flowersand fruits from L. buchtormensis were evaluated by the same method of P.taipaishanense.Fifteen compounds were isolated from the rhizome of P. taipaishanense. Thestructures of eight were elucidated by NMR and IR analysis. Their structures wereidentified asβ-sitosterol(1), 5-glutinen-3-one(2), emodin(3), 3',4',5,7-tetramethoxyflavone(4), epicatechin(5), (+)-catechin(6), epigallocatechin(7) and chlorogenic acid(8).Compounds (1-8) were isolated from P. taipaishanense for the first time and thecompounds (4) were isolated from the genus of Polygonum for the first time.The essential oil was extracted by steam-distillation; the components wereseparated and identified by GC-MS. Thirteen compounds were identified on the basis oftheir mass spectral fragmentation by comparing with the NIST mass spectral datalibrary. The amounts of the components from the essential were determinated bynormalization method. The major components were diphenylamine (15.67%),(E)-3-hexen-1-ol (1.11%), (Z)-2-(3,3-dimethycyclohexylidene) ethanol (0.64%) and benzeneethanol (0.35%). The essential oil from P. taipaishanense was evaluated withthe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC). The result showed that the essential oil has inhibitory effect on 8microorganisms and has bactericidal effect on 5 microorganisms. The MICs ofSalmonella enteritidis 50040 and Streptococcus pneumoniae 32201 were 0.83mg/mLand 0.21mg/mL, respectively. The results were lower than other 6 microorganisms andshowed an inhibitory effect. The MBC of Streptococcus pneumoniae 32201 was only0.83mg/mL that revealed a bactericidal effect.Four compounds were isolated from the fruits of Libanotis buchtormensis (Fisch)DC. growing wildly in the Taibai Mountain. One of them was osthol (C₁₅H₁₆O₃) and thestereochemistry structure of it was analyzed by NMR spectra and single-crystal X-raydiffraction. In the molecule of osthol, the coumarin nuclear is in a plane while the3-methylbut-2-enyl group is in another plane and the dihedral angel of two planes is74.45°. The crystal of osthol is in triclinic crystal system with space group: P-1,accurate lattice constants: a=7.5025(17)(?), b=9.651(2)(?), c=10.736(2)(?), a=64.393(4)°,β=75.716(4)°,γ=71.679(4)°and Z=2.The essential oils of fresh flowers and dried fruits from L. buchtormensis wereobtained by hydro-distillation and were analyzed by capillary GC and GC-MS. Theamounts of the components from the essential were determinated by normalizationmethod. The components of two essential oils were identified on the basis of their massspectral fragmentation by comparing with the NIST mass spectral data library. Thecomponents were also identified by comparison of their KI with those of other essentialoils which had been identified earlier. Kovats index(KI) was determined relative to theretention time of a homologous series of n-alkanes (C₆-C₂₂) on GC with a HP-5MScapillary column.Fifteen compounds representing 94.74% of the total essential oil of flowers wereidentified. The major components wereβ-phellandrene (34.31%), epiglobulol(18.51%),germacrene D(14.88%), a-pinene (10.04%) and a-phellandrene(7.86%).Fifty-two compounds representing about 96.94% of the total essential oil of fruitswere identified. Germacrene D (19.84%), epiglobulol(18.92%),β-phellandrene(9.86%),(R)-2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-1H-benzocycloheptene (6.69%) andguaia-1(5), 11-diene(6.08%) were found as the major components.There are some similarities components between the essential oils of fresh flowers and dried fruits from L. buchtormensis. The major components of two essential oils areepiglobulol, germacrene D andβ-phellandrene.Moreover, antimicrobial activities of two oils were evaluated against eightmicroorganisms by minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidalconcentration (MBC) and showed a weak antimicrobial activity.