Experimental Study On Maxillary Sinus Elevation And Bone Grafting With Simultaneous Implantation Of Dogs

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the efficiency of the technique for maxillary sinus elevation with simultaneous implantation with compressive osteotomes from the top of alveoli. The effect of BMP in the operation of bone grafting was involved. It was expected to find an effectual method to simplify the management process and to reduce the damnification of the operation for the patients. The study could provide scientific experimental evidence for clinical application of this technique.Materials and Methods Six healthy adult mongrel dogs were selected and divided into two groups randomly.The dogs of group A underwent sinus elevation with conventional method on the left side and with compressive osteotomes from the top of alveoli on the right side. The dogs of group B underwent sinus elevation with compressive osteotomes on both sides. All dogs underwent bone grafting with Bio-oss. The BMP was used on the right side of group B. Six months later, the dogs were sacrificed. General observation, radiograph, spiral CT,and histology examination were used to value the effect of sinus elevation from the top of alveoli.Results 1. General observation: The wounds on all dogs healed completely, and the implants got stable. 2. Radiograph of the implants area showed consistent bone density. In group A the bone reconstructed on the top of the implants on the left side with conventional method was thicker than the bone on the right side with compressive osteotomes. There was no significant difference between the two sides in group B. 3 Spiral CT indicated continuous interface of the implants and the alveolus. In group A the bone reconstructed on the left side was also thicker than the fight side, but there was indeed a layer of reconstructed bone on the top of the implants on the right side. In group B there was also a layer of bone on the top of the implants on each side and there was no difference between the two sides from spiral CT. 4. The samples containing implants and reconstructed bone showed that the bone combine was firm and the sinus membrane remained intact.All of the implants were covered with a layer of cortex bone. The reconstructed bone on the left side of group A is thicker than other sides. There was no difference between the two sides of group B whether the BMP had been used. 5.Histology examination: Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts were observed around the implants on all sides through the microscope. Mature histological appearance of bone tissue, bone matrix, mature lamellar bone were observed in the farside area.There were no significant differences between two sides of each group although they had undergone different operations and had been applied different grafting materials.Conclusion 1. During the operation of maxillary sinus elevation sinus membrane could be lifted and remained intact. In the meantime, the bone of the floor could be lifted and new bone formed.2. Grafted material integrated with implant by reconstruction. 3.Osteotome maxillary sinus floor elevation was a kind of predictable and safe technique. It was as effectual as the conventional method. 4. Histology examination validated the reliability of the surgical technique for maxillary sinus elevation. 5. The BMP had no effect on bone transplantation six months later after the operation of maxillary sinus elevation.