The Investigation Of The Chemical Constituents On Fructus Mori Albae

The genus mulberry consists of three species: red mulberry (Morus rubraL.), white mulberry (Morus alba L.) and black mulberry (Morus nigra L.).Fructus Mori Albae is fruit ofMorus alba L. and has been used as food and fruitin several centuries. This fruit is a traditional medicine in China and othercountries. In past decades, many research groups have investigated its chemicalconstituents and biological activities. It helps to promote the immune system,normalize blood sugar, have anti-HIV/AIDS activity, resist decrepitude andinhibit blood abnormalities, such as hypoglycemia. So Fructus Mori Albae iswidely applied in the clinic practice in China, especially for senility and thesimilar diseases.Fructus Mori Albae polysaccharide (FMAP) was first isolated fromFructus Mori Albae, and purified by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography.Its average molecular weight (Mw=1.30×10⁵) was determined by gel permeationchromatography (GPC) on an Agilent HPLC apparatus. The polysaccharide was found to be composed of D-galactose, D-mannose and D-glucose by TLC andGC-MS. According to UV, IR, GC, methylation and GC-MS, the main chain ofthe polysaccharide consists of (1→3)-linked mannan with branches of galactosyland glucosyl residues at 0-6 on mannosyl residues of the backbone. Theseresults indicated that the polysaccharide has a main chainβ-D-(1→3)-Manp, andbranchesβ-D-(1→6)-Galp-β-D-1)-Manp,β-D-(1→3)-Galp-β-D-1)-Manp andβ-D-(1→4)-Glcp-β-D-1)-Manp, in which 1-1inked Manp is terminal residues,linked to the main chain.In this paper, we reported the investigation of the chemical constituents onFructus Mori Alba. Six compounds were obtained from Fructus Mori Alba byapplying many methods including solvent extraction, normal pressure columnchromatography, vacuum liquid chromatography, dry column flashchromatography, gel liquid chromatography, recrystallization and so on. Theirstructures were elucidated by means of chromatography (including GC andHPLC), spectrum (including IR, UV, EI-MS, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR), andcomparisons with authentic compounds and known data from literatures. Five ofthese compounds were elucidated. These compounds obtained from FructusMori Alba listed as the following. 1) 13-sitosterol; 2)1, 2-dihydroxyethylpalmitate; 3) 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (scopoletin); 4)3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid (protocatechuic acid); 5) butanedioic acid (succinicacid). Four of these compounds (includingβ-sitosterol, 1, 2-dihydroxyethylpalmitate, 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one, 3, 4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid) were first obtained from Fructus Mori Alba.