| Basically Chinese medicine has been the in the dominant status in the history ofChina, however, it was decling with every passing day since modern times, especially in the period of the Republic of China. The reason for it can be summarized from the following aspects. First, due to the turbulent social condition, plague and disease broke out from time to time. On the other hand, Chinese medicine had much difficulties in diagnosing and healing the plague because of its out-of-date medical system and complicated medical circles, which increased the worse condition of Chinese medicine. Second, in the period of the Republic of China, Europeanization and anti-traditionalism became stronger and stronger, which endangered the development of Chinese medicine that was closely related to the Chinese traditional culture. And the debate on the inferior or superior between east and west culture badly deteriorated the status of Chinese medicine, which made part of Chinese disbelieve Chinese medicine. Besides, Western medicine increasingly expanded its dominance and influence in China. At that time, a large number of returned students who were trained in west were back to China, especially the students who were stimulated by the success in calling off Chinese medicine in Japan in Meiji Reform. After they came into control of the medical treatment department in government, they started to discriminate and abolish Chinese medicine in order to destroy it completely.In order to save itself the Chinese medicine circle began to unified and present petition to fight against the evil attempts of abolishing Chinese medicine. Meanwhile, facing the changing condition, the Chinese medicine circle made self-reflection profoundly and realized that only reform could save Chinese medicine. Therefore, Chinese medicine got rid of parochial prejudice and began to learn from Western medicine. And in that period a large number of schools, hospitals, journals, academic circle of Chinese medicine were set up. Another foundational change was that it adopted the modern and advanced management in these schools and hospitals. Especially a new hospitalism which characterized by its new relations between doctor and patient were formed with disease and patient as its core. What's more, the Chinese medicine journals and academic circle accelerated the exchanges of medical skill and new theories. In order to further spread the influence of Chinese medicine, different kind of media, including paper, magazine, etc, were used for this purpose. And after the Chinese medicine circle realized commonly the importance of unify and exchange, a new modern relationship within Chinese medicine and the professional spirit were developed in this process, too.Although these efforts to save itself of Chinese medicine worked to some extent, the tough condition still remained. Terribly, government's oppression and the discrimination became worse and worse, which forced these schools, hospitals, journals and groups to stop their working. And all the Chinese medicine schools and hospitals were self-funded at that time, so the financial condition was always in danger. Meanwhile, the reform of Chinese medicine also met some difficulties. After all, the Chinese and Western medicine were different medical system. Whether Chinese medicine could adopt western mode was in doubt. It was clear that these efforts had great significance in Chinese medicine. And it turned out to save its fate. From that time on, a series of changes took place in Chinese medicine, such as from individual management to modern Chinese medicine hospital, from keeping it secret to publish its new development, from the way of teacher-apprentice to the way of setting up Chinese medicine school, etc. which became the mark of saving itself. And these efforts were never appeared before, so these changes could also be the mark of continuous development in this field. In the same way, these attempts gave much valuable lessons to the development of Chinese medicine after revolution. |
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