| Objective : To study the origination , source ,course , neighboring structure ,outer diameter, anastomosis arteries and the branches' distribution regularity about the tibial side artery of the hallux, to provide anatomical guides for treatments involving the arteries around the area.Methods: 12 adult foots were perfused with red latex to observe origination , source ,course , neighboring structure ,outer diameter ,the artery distribution and anastomosis the tibial side artery of the hallux through microdissection and making corrosion specimen. 9 of 12 foots were through microdissection. 3 of 12 were made to be corrosion specimen. The diameter getted in this study are by vernier caliper with the precision of 0.02mm, the data were deal with spss10.0.Results:1. 1st plantar metatarsal artery diverge tibial-side truck and fibular-side truck at the plantar side of 1st Metatarsal Neck, the two trucks and 1st plantar metatarsal artery dispose as a "Y". Both tibial-side truck and fibular-side diverge ascending branch and descending branch under tendon of flexor hallucis longus, the truck and its' ascending branch and the descending branch of both sides form another two 'Y' structures. Three 'Y' structures intercommunicate to form three-dimensional "3Y anastomosis". 1～(st) tibial metatarsal artery originates from 1st plantar metatarsal artery at the juncture of the intermediate 1/3 segment with the distal 1/3 segment of 1st Metatarsal bone. The artery diverge ascending branch and the descending branch too and form the forth 'Y', considering it, four 'Y' structures intercommunicate to form "4Y anastomosis" around the area.2. The tibial plantar artery of hallux can be divided into three parts. The proximal part, the socalled tibial proper plantar artery of hallux, to anastomose with proximal branch of crossing artery of hallux around the 1～(st) metatarsophalangeal joint. The intermediate part is from the anastomosis point to the originating point of proximal branch of crossing artery of hallux. The distal part is the distal branch of crossing artery of hallux.3. in the phalanx ungula and the distal section of proximal phalanx all of the specimen are coincide with the regularity that blood vessels are at the dorsolateral of the proper plantar nerves. There are 16.67% specimen are coincide with the regularity that blood vessels are at the dorsolateral of the proper plantar nerves in the proximal section of proximal phalanx, 83.33% the proper plantar nerves are at the dorsolateral of blood vessels or in its' part of the course the proper plantar nerves are at the dorsolateral of blood vessels, blood vessels are at the dorsolateral of the proper plantar nerves.4.there are arterial rete or arterial arcades which are coincided by the pretty branches from the dorsal branch of crossing artery and fibular proper plantar artery in the area of 0.4cm～ 1.3 cm distant the crossing artery.Conclusion:l.The structure of the arteries around the plantar side of 1st Metatarsal Neck is complicated , "4Y or 3Y anastomosis" can describe the characteristic of the structure precisely.2. "4Y anastomosis",is the important part of the chain in tibial side of 1st plantar metatarsal, the chain in fibular side of 1st plantar metatarsal and the chain in medial lateral of foot. "4Y anastomosis"is the crossing point of 1st plantar metatarsal artery with several arteries of hallux, there could be causing heavy consequence when it was destroyed.3. The blood supply of tibial side of hallux are mainly come from fibular side through the crossing artery, tibial proper plantar digital artery only supply the tissue around the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint, has lesser contribution than the crossing artery. Actually,the distal branch and proximal branch should be called tibial proper plantar digital artery.4. there are arterial rete or arterial arcades which are coincided by the pretty branches from the dorsal branch of crossing artery and fibular proper plantar artery in the area of 0.4cm～1.3 cm distant the crossing artery. This anastomosis exist constantly, provide anatomical guides for design and cutting C skin flap of hallux.
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