Study On Cultural Competence And Cultural Sensitivity Of Nursing Undergraduate Students

Since Engel's medical model has been proposed, we have recognized that social andcultural factor has great influence on the value faith behavior of health and the outcome of health care. M Leininger who bring culture into nursing first brought out transcultural nursing in 1950s. With the rapid progress of economy globoration, multicultural society has been existed in many countries. There are few studies on transcultural nursing and cultural competence in China, most of which are focused on caring foreigners. So the needs of the multicultural society is far above that. This study is proposed and established on the analysis of the situation, intention of which is to analyze the competence which is essential for the transcutural nursing and measurement instrument. By using this instrument the cultural sensitivity of undergraduates can be measured quantitatively,so that nursing education and educators has the recognition of the aim how to train and get graduates cultural competent.Part one: History of study on transcutural nursing. With an insight of the developments of transcultural nursing throughout history and content,the culture in nursing is discussed and the influence of cultural factor on health care and nursing care is studied.The main conclusion is drawn that transcultural nursing is a new and important part of the holistic nursing.Part two: Study on the concept and framework of cultural competence. In the theory-based study, we defined the cultural competence and established the framework.Part three: Study on concept, framework, measurement plan of cultural sensitivity. According to the current situation of the studies, we analyze the attitude dimension of cultural competence i. e. cultural sensitivity. The concept and framework of undergraduates' cultural sensitivity is proposed. We choose Likert scale as measurement instrument pattern.Part four: Developing of the measurement instrument of cultural sensitivity of nursing undergraduates. On the basis of the composition of cultural sensitivity of the nursing graduates, efforts were undertaken to develop an instrument to classify cultural sensitivity to different levels through four steps:1)through determination of nursing expert panel, the framework and related items was confirmed. 2)according to the opinion of the clinical nursing teachers after reviewed, some modification were made. 3)items were selected by trials through factor analysis. 4)the good validity and reliability were confirmed.Pare five: Investigation of the current status of cultural sensitivity of nursing graduates. The investigation was involved nursing graduates from Shanghai, Beijing, Anhui, Fujian. The result suggested that the levels is not high. And the level of the baccalaureate students and the associate degree students were homologous. There was no difference between the scores of the city students and the country students. Some thoughts and countermeasures to solving the problems has been brought forward.