Effect Of Soybean Compound On Lipid Metabolism Disorder In Rats

Object: Soybean is a kind of traditional food in china. Soybean compound isabstracted from soybean which is mainly composed of soyasaponins andsoyisoflavone, having many biological and pharmacologic activities that is maypossese comprehensive function of health care. corrent research showed thatsoyasaponins and soyisoflavone have regulating function of lipid metabolism toinvaying degrees. The experiment observed the effects of soybean compound onthe disorder of lipid metabolism of rats.Methods: Lipid metabolism disorder model was established by high fat feeding.The high fat diet was made up of 78.8% basic diet, 10% yolk powder, 10% lard,1% cholesterol, and 0.2% sodium cholate. The normal group was fed with basicdiet, and the tested groups were fed with the high fat diet. Acording to the basicprinciples of 《Evaluating Rules and Test Methodology of The Function of foodsof Health Care》and《Pharmacological experimental Methodology》,70 Wistaradult male rats were divided into 5 groups randomly, 14 in each group. The 5groups were normal group, lipid metabolism disorder model group, low doseand high dose soybean compound groups and soyisoflavone group. soybeancompound and soyisoflavone were soluted with carboxymethyl-fiber. The threetest groups were administered soybean compound solution or soyisoflavonesolution every day. All the animals were weighed each 5days. Quantities ofsoybean compound and soyisoflavone administered orally to rats were changedaccording to their body weights. The normal and model groups were given equalvolume soluted carboxymethyl-fiber.At the end of the experimental-period, the animals were fasted for 12h. Theblood was withdrawn by abdominal aorta. The livers were excised, blotted dryand weighed. Then the right leaves of livers were putted into tissue homogenizerto make homogenate with 150mmol/L ice-cold KCl. Different biochemicalindexes were examined. The left leaves of livers were surrounded with paraffinand stained with HE. Then pathological examination was done.Pathology: Fatty degeneration was examined in liver cells. According to theextent of fat pathological change, the changes were divided into five degree:-(0 point), + (1 point), ++ (2 point), +++ (3 point) and ++++ (4 point).Test data were statistical by analysis of variance.Results: The results showed that soybean compound and soyisoflavone hadno influence on weight of all the animals. The levels of serum TC, LDL-C,LDL-C/ HDL-C, TC/HDL-C,AI, whole blood viscosity and liver TC,TG ofmodel group were significantly higher than those of the normal group(P<0.01);the levels of serum HDL-C, HDL2-C and HDL2-C/ HDL3-C were obviouslylower than those of normal group(P<0.01);the level of liver TC,TG andPathological point of liver were obviously higher than those of nomal group 。serum TC, LDL-C/ HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, AI, whole blood viscosity of lowand high dosage of soybean compound groups and soyisoflavone group weresignificantly lower than those of the model group(P<0.01);LDL-C of the threegroups were lower than those of the model group in different level.HDL2-C/ HDL3-C and HDL2-C of low and high dosage of soybeancompound groups and soyisoflavone group was significantly higher than that ofthe model group(P<0.01),HDL-C of the three groups were lower than those ofthe model group in different level. HDL-C of high dosage of soybean compoundgroup were higher than that of low dosage group(P<0.01).Liver TC and TG of low and high dosage of soybean compound groupsand soyisoflavone group was significantly lower than that of the modelgroup(P<0.01), liver pathological point of the three groups were significantlylower than that of the model group(P<0.01). There was no obvious difference inthe liver size of the five groups.Conclusion: The results indicated that soybean compound decreased the levelsof many kinds of blood lipids such as TC, LDL-C and increased the levels ofHDL2-C and HDL2-C/HDL3-C obviously in the model animals. so that soybeancompound had effect on lipid metabolism disorder. It would be useful inpreventing cardiovascular diseases. Whole blood viscosity of the soybeancompound groups were lower than those of the model group. The result showedthat soybean compound possessed the adjusting effect on the hemorrheologicalparameters in the lipid metabolism disorder rats.These results suggested that LDL-C /HDL-C ,TC/HDL-C and AI would besensitive indexes used for evaluating the accommodating effect on blood lipidsof dietary factor. The levels of serum HDL2-C and HDL2-C/HDL3-C would reflectthe risk of AS.Our test provided scientific evidence for use of soybeancompound in health food and medicine field.