| Background:Caries has been listed as one of the three diseases, which do great harm to the human health by WHO. Many researchers have many beneficial studied in oral microenvironment by pathologyanatomy, microbiology, morphological, immunology and biochemistry. People had a great evolvement on known the caries, but while affirming its function on caries resistance, people also found something with which they cannot be satisfied. Ion selective microelectrode technology, a new method emerged recently years, has shown its special superiority in the stomatology research field. The calcium was an important element of dental, and the fluoride played an important role in the prevention of dental caries. In oral microenvironment (consist saliva, plaque and dental), the occurrence and development of caries were correlated with the conversion and effction between the calcium and fluoride. That deeply discusses the specialty of calcium and fluoride in saliva and plaque, and makes clear the rule of conversion and reciprocity of it will be important meaning to clear the pathogenesis of caries, and advance remineralization of dental, and effectively process the forecast and prevent and therapy of caries. Objectives: In our study, a kind of fluoride microelectrode will be fabricated and put into the use of fluoride ion measurement. Then a systemic study of the dynamic change of the plaque fluoride and the effect of relative factors on this change pattern will be carried out in order to provide the experimental basis for the caries pathogenesis.Materials and Methods:1. The sensing element of the F-ISME was a LaF3 crystal and tested its different capability respectively. The Fluoride concentration of adult human saliva was measured and compared by both Fluoride electrode and F-ISME.2. 87 premolars were selected and randomly divided into three groups. One group served as an untreated control (de-ionic group). Other groups contained same fluoride were 0.5% NaF and 0.5% NaF + 2% CaCl2. 12 samples among, which 6 samples were caused acid gel, were prepared regularly to observe the ultrastructure of the teeth surface by Scan Electronic Microscope. After 8 hour, the others were measured the concentration of fluoride in lactic acid gel at 1,3,7 ,14 ,36 hour.3. 20 caries patients were selected, measure the concentration of fluoride in plaque in caries and health. Observed the difference of fluoride concentration in plaque between caries and health.4. Fluoride Ion-Specific Electrode was used to measure the fluoride concentrations in dental plaque and saliva in vitro two hours after 15 volunteers rinsing with 0.2% NaF and 0.2% NaF+2% CaCl2 rinse and compared the difference with baseline.5. 25 volunteers were selected and randomly divided into five groups. Every group was five volunteers. Five toothpastes, which contained amine salt, fluoride and calcium, strontium chlorate, SMFP and NaF and calcium, and NaF, were used and the amine salt group was taken as control. After two weeks, measured the concentration of fluoride in plaque and saliva.Results:1. The lowest limitation of F-ISME was 2.5×10-6 mol/L. The rate of recovery in sample with standard reference material was 95.5%. The linear response, reproducibility, stability, response time and pH range were good. The results of measurement of two methods in saliva were similar. 2. The two groups, which contained fluoride, showed significantly more fluoride ion than the non-fluoride group at different time, especially the group of 0.5% NaF + 2% CaCl2 (P<0.001). The surface of enamel full of the formation like the crystal CaF2, and ply was 20~40 μm.3. The fluoride concentration in caries plaque and health plaque were 0.61±0.14 μg/g wet plaques and 0.19±0.04 μg/g wet plaques. Respectively the fluoride concentration in caries plaque was higher than the health plaque's (P<0.05).4. The results showed that, the fluoride concentration in dental plaque and saliva were higher significantly compared with baseline after fluoride rinsing 1 h and 2 h (P<0.05), es...
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