| Objective:1.To evaluate the preventive effect of topical fluoride on the first permanent molar caries of primary school-age children.2.To explore the effective intervention measures in order to reduce dental caries of children with the method of local application of fluoride as the implementation measures of the dental public health project.Method:This study was a 3-year longitudinal observation study.The study began in 2014 and ended in 2017.A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 9 primary schools in Dahua County.The first year students of 9 schools were selected as the research subjects.The class numbers of the first-grade classes were sorted in each school.The classes were selected for experimental group and control group by using simple random sampling.Finally,total 999 children aged 6-8 years in 16 classes were included in the experimental group,and another 16 classes of 1004 children aged 6-8 years were included in the control group.Topical fluoride was performed on subjects twice a year.Oral health education and oral hygiene instruction were given to subjects as well in experimental group.However,oral health education and oral hygiene instruction were given to subject only in control group.Oral health examinations were performed on all subjects in 2014,2016 and 2017.The status of caries was recorded,especially in the first permanent molars.Some sample lost since some students left during 3 year.At end,a total of 1754 people,including 857 in the experimental group and 897 in the control group were included to data for analysis.Data was analysis by suing SPSS 22.0.Result:1.Total number of 857 children in the experimental group,of 3428 first permanent molars,2631(76.75%)were erupted.Whereas,on 897 children in the control group,of 3588 first permanent molars,2738(76.31%)were erupted.After 2 years of intervention,3406(99.36%)and 3575(99.64%)first permanent molars were erupted in the experimental group and the control group,respectively.After 3 years of intervention,first permanent molar in the experimental group and the control group had all erupted with total number of 3428 and 3588 respectively.There was no significant difference between the eruption of first permanent molar between the two groups from the baseline and after 2 years of intervention(P>0.05).2.After 2 years of intervention(2016),the caries rate,DMFT and DMFS of the first permanent molars in the experimental group and the control group was observed and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).3.After 3 years of intervention,the caries rate,DMFT and DMFS of the first permanent molar in the experimental group was 58.69%,1.38,and 2.05 where control groups presented 65.66%,1.60 and 2.39 respectively.After 3 years of intervention the difference of the caries rate,DMFT and DMFS of the first permanent molars in the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).4.After 2 years of intervention,the incidence of caries in the first permanent molar of the children in the experimental group(30.69%)was lower than that of the control group(32.33%),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).5.After 3 years of intervention,the incidence of caries in the first permanent molar of children in the experimental group was 34.66%,which was lower than that of the control group(42.36%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).6.After 2 years of intervention,the incidence of dental caries in the first permanent molar of the experimental group(8.75% of pit and fissure and smooth surface 0.58%)were lower than that of the control group(9.94% of pit and fissure and 1.32% of the smooth surface),showing statistically significant difference between the groups(P<0.05).7.After 3 years of intervention,the incidence of dental caries in the first permanent molar of the experimental group(10.83% of the pit and fissure and the smooth surface 1.93%)were lower than that of the control group(14.11% of the pit and the smooth surface 2.16%),signifying that the difference in the incidence of pit and fissure caries was statistically significant(P<0.05),whereas there was no significant difference between the groups in the incidence of smooth surface caries(P>0.05).Conclusion:The longitudinal observation of 3 years of survey reveals that topical fluoride can reduce the incidence of caries and caries rate on children's first permanent molars.Local application of fluoride is simple,safe and effective.Due to ease of application and less need of patient cooperation,local fluoride application has become one of the most common professional measures used in community dental health preventive programs.Therefore,it can be implemented as a public health project in the school to reduce the incidence of children's dental caries and maintain the oral health of children. |
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