| Background and Objective: With the progress of medical technology and the improvement of living standard, the disease spectrum has changed greatly: cancer, heart disease and other chronic diseases have been becoming the dominating reasons for death. As a very important environmental factor, diet has showed many influencing roles on chronic diseases, nevertheless, the relationship between them have becoming one of the hotspots in the international epidemiological studies.Studies on the association between dietary factors and chronic diseases are progressing rapidly. However, the conventional diet and nutrition survey methods, such as Weighed-Dietary Record exhibits many limitations and its feasibility in the extensive epidemiological studies is reduced greatly. Developing a convenient and practical diet and nutrition survey method becomes necessary.Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ) came forth then. The development of the SQFFQ was started in the late 1970's with fast progress in 1990's. Till now, about twenty countries, including America. France, Germany and Japan have finished their own SQFFQ. With such features as concision, clarity and ease, the SQFFQ is suitable to carry out the extensive epidemiological studies.In this study, food items consumed usually by a family (considered as a study unit) were collected firstly in rural and urban areas in Chaoshan region: then, the food Golden Standard database was built up by calculating the food and nutrients' intake to open up the local dietary structure and nutritional status based on 3-day dietary record; Finally, a data-based Semi-Quantitative Food FrequencyQuestionnaire (SQFFQ) with Chaoshan characteristics was built, which was also the main objective of this study.Methods: The dietary survey was carried out based on 3-day Weighed Dietary Record with 24 H Recall as supplement in each randomly selected household (the study unit), then a Food Golden Standard Database of Chaoshan area was set up using the dietary information from 417 families to calculate the foods and 29 nutrients' intake of the urban and rural population (per reference man per day) and analyze the nutritional status. As to the building of SQFFQ, the first step was to select the food/recipe items among the Database according to the nutrients' contribution of each food/recipe-Cumulative 90% Contribution: The second step was to reselect the food/recipe items among the items selected in the first step by Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and Cumulative 0.90 multiple regression coefficient. All foods/recipes selected by urban, rural and combined dietary information were analyzed respectively to make sure the final items would be included in the SQFFQ. At last, the intake Frequency, Standard Portion Size and Multiple of Standard Portion Size of one time intake for each food/recipe were confirmed and the SQFFQ in Chaoshan area was developed. A 3-day Weighed Dietary Record survey and measurement of the total nitrogen of 24 hours urine were used to validate the SQFFQ. two diet surveys were conducted to test the reproducibility of the SQFFQ with Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis and internal agreement as evaluating parameters.Results: The energy proportion from vegetable food was lower but the portion from animal food was higher than national standard in studied population. The energy provided by fat was high, but low by carbohydrate: the consumption of folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin E were low in both Urban and Rural population. The deficiency of calcium was very serious in both areas and the consumption of zinc also showed insufficiency. The total number of food items consumed by 417 households was 523 (the urban 443. the rural 417) and theintake of 29 nutrients was calculated according to the actual consumption of foods/recipes. First, Contribution Analysis (CA) was performed and 194 food/recipes for the urban, 183 foods/recipes for the rural and 233 foods/recipes for the combined with up to 90 cumulative % contribution to...
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