| [Objectives]Sound dietary behaviors developed early in life not only promote good nutrition of children, but also be likely to help form good dietary habits in adult and affect health condition in later life. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence factors of children's dietary behaviors deeply, as well as the correlation between the behaviors and health, so as to provide scientific bases to help children reduce ill dietary habits , develop sound meal structure and promote normal growth.[Methods]Methods of cross-sectional survey and multivariate analysis were used to analyze children's dietary behaviors (including dietary habits and meal structure) and their influence on health. General quality control measures were taken during the process of data collection and analysis.The specially designed questionnaire, which going through consulting literature ,special discussion , experts assessment and pre-investigation, was used to evaluate children's dietary behaviors. The questionnaire was administered in elementary schools by stratified cluster random sampling. The subjects took the questionnaire home to fill in with their parents or fosters after the research assistants explaining the instruction on class. Data were collected and their reliability and validity were evaluated by calculating the test-retest reliability, Cronbach's α and content validity coefficients .Methods of modern multivariate analysis such as cumulative logits model and homogeneity analysis were used to examine the relationship between children's dietary behaviors, influential factors and their health.[Results]1.Qualitative analysis: The data showed that the sample had fine representation for different strata of the subjects such as gender, age and parents stratum occupied certain proportion. The reliability and validity of questionnaire was high because the test-retest reliability , Chronbach's α and content validity coefficients all up to prove that the results of study were reliable and valid.2. 41.4% and 33.0% of children had ill dietary habits or meal structure respectively, among which being fastidious about or partiality for some particular kinds of food, eating beverage or confectionery frequently were three most common ill dietary habits that reached to 19.2%,15.5% and 11.7%.The behavior of having breakfast was the best dietary habits among children for the proportion of skipping it frequently was only 2.8%. And the proportion of not often eating vegetable and fruit, animal foods , legume and milk were 8.1%,13.8% and 21.6% respectively , among these taking legume and milk was worst. 3. The influence of factors on children's dietary behaviors :(1) The level of children's foster percieve about the behaviors was the most important influence factor. Children's dietary habits and meal structure would become melioration along with the enrichment of foster percieve. (2) Family income was the second important factor which influenced children's dietary behaviors from two contrary aspects, one was to reduce children's behavior of being fastidious about or partiality for some particular kinds of food as well as improve their dietary quality, the other was to help bring about some ill behaviors such as eating confectionary , beverage, salted food and fast-food frequently.(3) Mother's occupation mainly influenced dietary behaviors such as having breakfast , being fastidious about or partiality for some particular kinds of food, meal structure and eating legume and milk which were relevant to the preparation for or the quality of the foods. Father's occupation mainly influenced dietary behaviors such as eating confectionary , beverage , fried food, fast-food , vegetable and fruit ,animal foods which were relevant to the purchasing power. The children's meal structure were best when mother's occupation was brainwork or father's was semi-brainwork, but dietary habits worst when father's occupation was semi-brainwork.(4) Mother's education influenced children's dietary behaviors from two c...
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