| AimIn the cancer research, many tumor-related substances ( tumor marker) have been discovered. The typical tumor markers such as AFP and CEA have relative organ specificity. Studies on tumor marker give a clue to tumors nature and biological property. Although Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA) is not a tumor marker, there is great similarity to it, for example, the relative organ specificity. Study on EMA expression in tumor tissue provides much biological information, which plays an important guiding role in determining tumor source, stage, classification, and prognosis.Material & Method1. Clinical DataAll the specimens were collected from open excision in Tumor Hospital of Liaoning Province during the period from 1996 to 2003. Our study involved renal clear-cell carcinoma (35 cases) , renal granular-cell carcinoma (32 cases) , transitional cell carcinoma in renal pelvis (24 cases) , and surrounding normal tissue ( 5 cases in all, 2 for renal tissue, the other 3 for renal pelvis). After the routine slide section preparation ( methyl aldehyde fixation and paraffin embedding) , all the specimens were examined and diagnosed by senior pathologists . According to the stage (UICC-TNM) , renal clear-cell carcinoma, Tl 7 cases, T2 10 cases, T3 13 cases, T4 5 cases ; renal granular-cell carcinoma Tl 6 cases, T2 11 cases, T3 12 cases, T4 5 cases ; transitional cell carcinoma in renal pelvis Tl 2 cases, T2 9 cases , T3 11 cases, T4 3 cases;G1 7 cases,G2 11 cases , G3 grade 6 cases.2. Immunohistological StainingReagent; mouse anti-human EMA monoclonal antibody (ready-to-use) andSP kit (provided by Fuzhou Maixin Bioproduct company).Procedure: omit.Control; the tissue section of the known adenocarcinoma of digestive duct serves as positive control, the PBS is used in place of the first antibody and serves as blank control, and the surrounding normal tissue serves as normal control.3. Result ReadingCounting 100 cells under high power field and then according to the stained cell rate and staining integrity, the following classification was made: ( - ) the rate of no stained cell or positive stained cell ^25% and lightly stained; ( + ) the stained cell rate 26%-50% , moderately stained; ( ++ ) the stained cell rate 51%-75% , deeply stained ; (+++) the stained cell rate ^75% and very deeply stained.4. Statistical AnalysisAll the data were analyzed by SPSS software and \ -test was used in analysis of the difference among groups.Results1. Expression of EMA in Renal CarcinomaTotal EMA positive rate in renal clear-cell carcinoma was 60. 0% (21/35) with the positive rate of T1-T2 stage 76. 4% (13/17) and that of T3-T4 stage 44.4% (8/18). Total EMA positive rate in renal granular-cell carcinoma was 71.2% (23/32) with the positive rate of T1-T2 stage 88.2% (15/17) and that of T3-T4 stage 53. 3% (8/15). Although EMA positive rate in both groups decreased with the procession of clinical stages, there was significant statistical difference only in renal granular-cell carcinoma group ( p < 0. 05 ). In contrast to renal granular-cell carcinoma group, renal clear-cell carcinoma group presented higher EMA positive rate but there was no significant statistical difference ( p >0.05).2. Expression of EMA in Renal Pelvis Transitional Cell CarcinomaTotal EMA positive rate in transitional cell carcinoma in renal pelvis was62.5% (15/24) and Gl, G2, G3 stage presented positive rate of 57. 1% (4/ 7) , 63. 6% (7/11) , 66. 7% (4/6) respectively; although EMA positive rate increased with the procession of clinical stages, there was no significant statistical difference among groups (p >0. 05). The positive rate of T1-T2 stage and that of T3-T4 stage were 36. 4% (4/11) and 84. 6% ( 11/13) respectively; EMA positive rate increased with the procession of clinical stages, and there was significant statistical difference among groups (p <0. 05) .3. Expression of EMA in Renal Carcinoma & Renal Pelvis Transitional Cell CarcinomaTotal EMA positive rate showed no significant statistical... |
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