The Expression Of MMP-9,VEGF Correlate With Metastasis And Angiogenesis In Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) correlate with metastasis and angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma(RCC).Methods paraffin-embedded sections of 78 cases of renal cell carcinoma and 16 cases of control kidney were immunohistochemical staining for MMP-9 and VEGF using a standard streptavidin-biotin complex procedure for light microscopic investigation. Microvessel density(MVD)was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for endothelial cells using anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody. RCC cases were divided into early staging group(Robson stagingⅠ,Ⅱ)and advanced group (Robson stagingⅢ,Ⅳ). Chisq test, student t test, Spearman rank correlation test were used for data statistic analysis.Results 1,the expression of MMP-9 were positive in 50cases (64%)including "+" 24 cases(31%) ,"++" 26 cases (33%)and negative in 28 cases(36%)of 78 cases of RCC, were positive in 4 cases (25%)including "+" 2 cases(12.5%) ,"++" 2 cases (12.5%) and negative in 12(75%)of 16 cases of control kidney, Statistic significance existed between the two groups (P<0.01); the expression of MMP-9 were positive in 26 cases(87%)including "+" 10 cases(34%),"++" 16 cases(53%)and negative in 4 cases(13%)of 30 cases of advanced RCC, were positive in 24 cases(50%)"+" 14 cases(29%),"++" 10 cases (21%) and negative in 24(50%)of 48 cases of early staging RCC,there was a significance correlation between the two groups(P<0.01). A significant correlation was founded between the MMP-9 expression and Furhman's nuclear grade(p<0.01). 2,the expression of VEGF were positive in 46 cases(59%)including "+" 14 cases(27%) ,"++" 32 cases(41%)and negative in 32 cases(41%)of 78 cases of RCC, were positive in 6 cases (37.5%)including "+" 4 cases(25%) ,2 cases (12.5%) and negative in 10(62.5%)of 16 cases of control kidney, Statistic significance did not exist between the two groups (P＞0.05); the expression of VEGF were positive in 24 cases (80%)including "+" 8 cases(27%),"++" 16 cases (53%)and negative in 6 cases (20%)of 30 cases of advanced RCC, were positive in 22 cases(45.8%)"+" 6 cases(12.8%),"++" 16 cases (33%) and negative in 26(54.2%)of 48 cases of early staging RCC,there was a significance correlation between the two groups(P<0.01). A significant correlation was founded between the MMP-9 expression and Furhman's nuclear grade(p<0.0001).3,MVD parameter was 101.24±42.82 in RCC and 74.03±36.06 in control group, Statistic significance existed between the two groups(p<0.05). MVD parameter was 115.49±41.28 in advanced group and 92.33±41.74 in early staging group, Statistic significance existed between the two groups(p<0.05). 4,MMP-9 negative staining tumor (84.77±44.52)showed a significant lower mean MVD per microscopic field than MMP-9 positive tumor(110.46±50.16),p<0.05. The same result was founded on VEGF(P<0.01).5,There was a significant correlation of MMP-9 and VEGF expression(r=0.40966,p<0.01). MVD parameter was 124.02±45.33 in both MMP-9 and VEGF positive staining group,was 99.3±46.92 in either MMP-9or VEGF positive staining group, was 69.04±33.81 in neither MMP-9 nor VEGF positive staining group. Statistic significance existed among the three groups( p<0.05). MMP-9 and VEGF might act co-operatively in the process of neovascularization in renal cell carcinoma.Conclusions A significant correlation was founded between the expression of MMP-9,VEGF and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma. The expression of MMP-9 and VEGF correlated with angiogenesis in RCC. Our data suggested that MMP-9 and VEGF might act co-operatively in the process of neovascularization in renal cell carcinoma. MMP-9 and VEGF may alter the biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma by prompting angiogenesis. The expression of MMP-9 and VEGF may reflect the differentiation level of RCC. High level of MMP-9,VEGF expression may serve as predic...