Study On The Apoptosis Mechanism In Nutritional Anemia

Objective: Today,in our country,nutritional anemia including iron deficiency anemia, mega-loblastic anemia and mixed anemia is still the most common anemia disease. There were few reports on the role of apoptosis to induce anemia.In order to explore the pathogenetic mechanism of apoptosis in nutritional anemia, the expression of fas , bcl-2 and bax and apoptosis rate(PCD%) on marrow ery-throblast were measured.Method: We measured fas, bcl-2 and bax expression and apoptosis rate in marrow samples from 58 adult nutritional anemia cases and 21 controls by flow cytometric analysis.Results: 1.The fas expression in nutritional anemia was much higher than that in control, as well as apoptosis rate(P<0.01); In NA, the bcl-2 expression was much lower than that in control (P<0.01); but bax expression had no significant difference from the control. Similarly,there was no statistically significant difference in these parameters between types and severity of anemia.Theoverexpression ratio of fas and apoptosis rate in NA was higher than that in control (P<0.01), The low bcl-2 expression ratio in NA was higher than that in control (P<0.01), No significant difference of over-expression ratio of bax was found between NA and control. 2. Among iron deficiency anemia, mega-loblastic anemia and mixed anemia, there was no significant difference in fas, bcl-2 and bax expression and apoptosis rate. 3. No significant difference in fas, bcl-2 and bax expression and apoptosis rate was found among mild, moderate, severe and very severe anemias. 4. A significant difference in cell cycle distribution (S+G2M%) was found between low bcl-2 expression cases and normal bcl-2 expression cases of nutritional anemia. No significant difference in cell cycle distribution was found between high and normal fas, bax expression cases in nutritional anemia. 5. To compare pre-treatment cases with post-treatment cases: showed the induced expression of fas protein ,and increased bcl-2 protein expression in NA after treatment; After treatment, no significant change was found in bax expression; The apoptosis rate also declined after treatment. 6. A direct correlation was observed between fas expression and cell apoptosis rate (P=0.002); There was a corre-lationship betweenS+G2M% and bcl-2 expression (P=0.023).Conlusion: overapoptosis of marrow ery-throblast in NA might result from overexpression of fas and /or low expression of bcl-2.