| 1 Objective Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a way to prevent the epithelium and fibrous tissue infiltrating into the bone defects and to create an ideal space facilitating for bone regeneration and healing by utilizing the barrier membrane technique. To date, both the bioabsorbable and non-resorbable biological membranes have been evaluated by scholars all over the world. There are mainly polylactic acid (PLA) barrier and collagen membrane (CM) as the former, and the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) barrier as the latter. However, both kinds of above-mentioned membranes are very expensive. The authors here believe the bioabsorbable membranes which needn't a second surgery, have more potential profits in research and application.Calcium alginate is the permutation substance of sodium alginate in algae (such as kelp or marine alga), which comes from the sea. CAP (Calcium alginate film), a biological membrane, is half-transparent, smooth in surface, pliable and tough, and complies with the tissue nicely, ventilatingwell for gas, water and middle or small molecular weight substances. Moreover, it has the barrier effectiveness of excluding the cells and bacteriae. Calcium alginate has been applied in pharmacy to be sustained-release microcapsule and in surgery to be dressing and hemostatic. But so far no report on application CAP in bone defects reconstuction is found. The present research aimed to approach the significant superiority of the bioabsorbable (CAP) in application in GBR.2 Materials and MethodsCircular bone defects of 5 mm diameter were created in the incisures anterior to both the mandibular angles and tibias in 39 rabbits. The defects were respectively covered with the self-prepared CAF as the experimental side and with CM or nothing as the controls. Healing condition was analyzed by gross, X-ray, electromicroscopic, histologic, immuno-histochemical studies and image pattern analysis system after 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks.3 Results3.1 Morphologic observationsAll rabbits recovered well and remained healthy, gaining body weightduring procedures. In the first seven days after surgery, about all animals were showing a tendency toward swelling in the surgical sites. However in the later observation periods, the experimental sites had a normal aspect. While in the control sites, several were inflammatory in the early 4 weeks of healing.Scanning electromicroscopic observations showed that experimental sites: Four weeks after surgery, plenty bone trabeculae were visualized. Six weeks, newly regenerated bone was densely covered substantially. Eight weeks, new bone was more mature. While control sites: Four weeks after surgery, less bone trabeculae were visible. Six weeks, newly regenerated bone was loose. Eight weeks, new bone was still immature. 3.2 AssesmentsThe results of the histometric measurements are presented as new bone area. In the 1-week specimens, there were no statistical differences among control and experimental defects in terms of bone regeneration (0.09 + 0.04 mm2 for the experimental defects, 0.09 ?.03 mm2 for CM control defects). However, in the later 2, 4, 6weeks of healing, there were significant statistical differences between experimental defects and control defects.Two sections of each side and totally 100 sections for each antibody were randomly taken under 40 X 40 observation field with ten fields randomly selected for each section. Mean grey values of the 3 antibodies and of the radiograph in defects were measured using MIAS-300 type image pattern analysis technique. Results were considered as significant at the 0.05 critical level. Statistical calculations were carried out using the SPSS software package. Results showed the 3 respective osteoinductive factors in experimental sites were statistically significantly higher than in control sites and showed the densities (represented by mean grey value) in experimental sites were also, in terms of statistics, significantly higher than in control sites respectively.In a word, in experimental site... |
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