Effect Of Silicon Fertilizer Rate And Combined Application Of Silicon And Nitrogen Fertilizer On On Maize Growth And Stress Resistance

In this paper, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of silicon fertilizer and combination of silicon and nitrogen fertilizer on maize growth and stress resistance in 2007-2009. The main research results as follows:1.The moderate amount silicon fertilizer is helps to increase the dry material accumulation and the leaf area index. Under 0~90kg/hm2 dosage, the dry material accumulation and the leaf area index has the trend to increase with the amount of silicon fertilizer, especially at 90kg/hm2 it reached the best effect, at 225kg/hm2, the dry material accumulation is lower than control.2.The index Fv / Fm,ΦPSⅡ, qP of chlorophyll fluorescence has the trend to increased, but NPQ reversed under 0～90kg/hm2. significant difference were showed in Fv/Fm,φpsⅡ, qP, the NPQ at 90kg/hm2 treatment. Based on this situation, more silicon fertilizer, the index Fv/Fm,φpsⅡ, qP decrease instead, but NPQ increase sustained.3.The moderate amount silicon fertilizer is beneficial to increases near-surface annular air root number, the third column thick-skinned, the indoor bend intensity, the anti-stretch forming intensity, but the height of the plant, the spike location and the center of gravity height received little influence. under 0~90kg/hm2, the stem thickness of skin, the indoor bend intensity, and the tensile strength appeared increase trend with the silicon. Particularly under 90kg/hm2, the above indexs will exist tremendous difference between control. Excessive fertilize even bring in negative impact on the above indicators.4.Bald top length is decreased, ear length, kernel Number and 100-seed weight are increased in appropriate dosage of silicon fertilizer. Ear length, kernel Number and 100-seed weight reach best amount at 90 kg/hm2 treatment, more silicon fertilizer, all the index reversed.5.Within the extent of 0~90kg/hm2, starch and fat of maize grain are increased with the silicon fertilizer application, and the grain protein reversed, but no significant differences are founded among different treatments.6.Appropriate dosage of silicon fertilizer helps to reduce attack of stalk rot caused by Fursarium graminearum, the dosage 90kg/hm2 of silicon fertilizer is best treatment effect, especially, but when it reach 225kg/hm2, no obvious inhibition effect on attack of stalk rot was founded.7. Dry weight and leaf area index showed significant difference between between the different nitrogen levels and different levels of silicon, but the effect of interaction between the nitrogen and silicon showed significant difference. 8. The difference of plant height, ear height, a height of gravity center showed significant between nitrogen levels were significant, but not between levels of silicon. The difference of the length of the third basical stem node were significant between nitrogen levels and significant differences between the different silicon levels .the difference of thickness of the the third basical was not significant between nitrogen levels but was significant between silicon levels. The difference of the thickness of the third basical stem bark , the cross-fold strength, tensile strength were significant among the levels of both nitrogen or silicon. The Interactive effect between the nitrogen and silicon of all the index above were not significant.9. Difference of ear length, ear bald length, 100 grains weight, grain numbers per ear, yield were significant among the nitrogen treatments. Difference of the ear bald length, 100 grains weight, grain numbers per ear, yield were significant between the silicon levels. The Interactive effect between the nitrogen and silicon of all the index above were not significant.