| 240 one -day-old Gushi low feather inbred line chickens were selected (120 male and 120 female, respectively) by one-factor experimental design, which assigned randomly to 2 groups according to the different levels of diet fiber (chickling2.5%,3.5%;growing chicken 2.9%,4.7%;male2.2%,4.0%;female2.6%,5.2%). Each experimental group was assigned randomly to 3 replications, each replication contained 40 cages. Chickens were fed isoengergetic and isonitrogenouns diets up to 40 weeks. We studied the effect of the different levels of diet fiber on serum biochemical indicator,production performance and digestive physiology and analyzed the difference of crude fiber digestion among the different Gushi low feather inbred line chicken .Additionally, we investigated the relationship between serum biochemical indicator and body lipidosis and the effect of dietary fiber on the digestive physiology of different generation Gushi chicken. The results are as follows:Serum biochemical indicator: K in blood serum of male chickens in experimental group was significant lower than in the control group(P<0.05). And GLU in blood serum of female chickens was extreme pronounced lower than in the control group(P<0.01). However, some determination indexes, for example, ALT, TP, GP, TG, LDL, UA, Na, have no significant in all chickens.Productioin performance: Shank girth of male chickens and shank length of female chickens in experimental group were significant lower than in the control group(P<0.05). On the contrary, the dressing percentage of all chickens in experimental group were pronounced higher than in control group. Fat content in chest muscle of female chicken in experimental group was significant lower than in the control group. But protein content in leg mucle of female chicken in experimental group was significant higher than in the control group(P<0.05).The level of dietary fiber has no significant difference. The density of yalk cholesterin descended 14.25% compared with control group.And other determination indexes have no difference.Digestive physiology:The internal organs from the experimental male broilers are lower than the control group's (except the muscular stomach ), especially the spleen's weight, which is significantly lower than the control group's (p<0.05); the weight of the heart, spleen, and the relative weight of the liver, spleen, muscular stomach, which from the experimental female broilers are all significantly higher than the control group's (p<0.05), as well as the heart relative weight (p<0.01); duodenum and duodenum index from the experimental male broilers are significantly lower than the control group's (p<0.05); the enzyme activity of the digestive tract from the experimental group (both male and female broilers) are higher than the control group's, and the enzyme activity of cellulose from the experimental male broilers are significantly higher (p<0.05), as well as the female broilers (p<0.01); the floss length of each intestines from the experimental male and female broilers are all longer than the control group's, while the difference is not significant. The floss intestines of duodenum from the experimental male broilers are significantly smaller (p<0.01); the crypt depth of duodenum and the floss intestines from female broilers are significantly smaller (p<0.05); the floss length of duodenum from the experimental female broilers are significantly higher (p<0.05); the crypt depth of cecum from the experimental male broilers are significantly higher, and the floss intestines of cecum from the experimental female broilers are also higher (p<0.05).The correlation between serum biochemical markers and body fat deposition: The ratio of hen abdominal fat in control group with ALT were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.05); In experimental group cock, the rate of abdominal fat with total protein, albumin significantly positive correlated (P<0.05); subcutaneous fat thick with aspartate aminotransferase were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.05); subcutaneous fat thickness with total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein were significant positive correlation (P<0.05);In test group ,the width of intermuscular fat with alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein were significantly positive correlated (P<0.05); in control group the width of intermuscular fat with alanine aminotransferase significantly positive correlated (P <0.05); In test group of home chicken ,the breast muscle fat rate with aspartate aminotransferase, glucose were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.01); in control group the breast muscle fat rate with the total protein was significantly negatively correlated (P<0.01), with the globulin was significantly negatively correlated (P<0.05); in experimental group of cock ,leg fat ratio with ALT were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.05), with aspartate aminotransferase were significantly positively correlated (P<0.01), with glucose were significantly positively correlated (P<0.05); Other correlations were not significant.Different generation comparison: F2 generation of Gushi chickens on the rate of crud fiber digestion was significant lower than F3,F4 generration(P<0.01). Fiber digestions(about 14%) in F3,F4 are relative stabilize and have no significant difference between them(P>0.05). The contents of TP, ALB, GLO, Cl in serum of F2 generation Gushi chickens were significant lower than in serum of F3 generation (P<0.01). However, the content of Ca,Na,K and the weight of chest deep,chest angle, liver, spleen, muscular stomach and slpeen relative weight were pronounced lower than F3 generation (P<0.05). And other indexes have no difference.The results showed: Gushi chicken acclimatized themselves to high level crude fiber in diets for a long time, that it could fully digest and absorb the nutrient from low quality diets to meet their requirements. With the same levels of both energy and protein in diet, a certain amount of dietary crude fiber had some effects on serum biochemical indicator, production performance and digestive physiology of Gushi chicken, and helped to obtain higher slaughter performance, improve carcass quality, promote intestinal development and stimulate the growth of intestinal villi. So high level crude fiber could be added into the Gushi chicken diets. |
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