Secondary Metabolites From 4 Flowering Plants And Their Antimicrobial Roles

With the improvement of living standard and speeding-up of life rhythm, more and more people expect a comfortable,beautiful, and health room environment to alleviate the body and mental pressure. Flowering plants can not only adorn an environment, beautify bedroom, but also reduce the noise, increase humidity, absorb the harmful gases and kill environmental microbes, provide a healthy environment for people. Collect and analyze the extraction inclusions and VOCs(volatile organic compound; VOCs) of flowering plants to determine the active ingredients on bacteriostasis, which provide the scientific basis for the choice of indoor flowers and plant fungicide's development. Four room flowering plant including Pelargonium odoratissimum, Pelargonium, Rhododendronsimsii & R.spp and Calathearotundifolia.fadciata were tested in this paper, the results were as following:1. Six bacteria and 5 fungi were used to test the inhibitory effect of the extracts from the 4 flowering plants.All extracts had no inhibitory effects against any of these 5 fungi. Pelargonium odoratissimum extract showed different inhibitory effects on five species of bacteria, Pelargonium and Rhododendronsimsii extract on two bacteria, Calathearotundifolia extract on none of the six bacteria.2. Pelargonium extract showed strong inhibitory effects on Sbacillus Staphylococcus saprophyticus, The inhibitory rate of four supplied test concentrations of Pelargonium extract against Staphylococcus saprophyticus were over 96%. The inhibitory rate of four supplied test concentrations of Pelargonium odoratissimum extract against Bacillus anthracis are over 86%.But Pelargonium odoratissimum extract showed a poor inhibitory effects on Bacillus subtilis, the inhibition rates of it at the concentration of 1000mg/ml was only 74%.3. Through analyzing, Total of 23 volatile organic compounds were identified from the VOCs of four flowering plants, containing 13 alkanes,10 terpenes,7 alkenes,5 N-containing compounds,4 aromatic compounds,4 ketones,3 ethers,2 aldehydesal and other 9 compounds including acid and alcohol. From the content of VOCs, the content of decane in Pelargonium odoratissimum VOCs was over 50%, the terpenes and ethers in Calathearotundifolia VOCs were 31.13% and 49.40%, respectively, the decane in Pelargonium VOCs was 76.71%, the alkenes compounds in Rhododendronsimsii VOCs was 63.46%.4. Alpha-Pinene,Ocimene,1,8-Cineole and Camphene all had different inhibitory effects against four microbes except Camphene against Bacillus subtilis. The one-way ANOVA analyses showed that there were significantly difference between concentrations of the volatiles monomers.5. Alpha-Pinene,Ocimene and Camphene had the highest inhibitory rates against Bacillus subtilis than other microbes. The inhibitory rate of 1,8-Cineole against Bacillus subtilis was over 93%, a nd over 67% against Penicillium sp.. Camphene has the lowest inhibitory rate against four microbes..6. Alpha-Pinene had the strongest inhibitory ability against Bacillus anthracis, followed by Ocimene,1,8-Cineole,and Camphene. For Bacillus subtilis, the inhibitory order was 1,8-Cineole>Ocimene>Alpha-Pinene> Camphene, and Alpha-Pinene> 1,8-Cineole>Ocimene> Camphene for Aspergillus niger,1,8-Cineole>Alpha-Pinene>Ocimene> Camphene for Penicillium sp..