Study On The Regularity Of Nutrient Distribution, Accumulation And The Effect Of Fertilizer On Oil-sunflowers

In order to improve the utilization of sunflower's fertilizer techniques and the nutrient use efficiency (NUE), an experiment was carried with the oil-sunflower variety S31 and NeiKuiZa3. The regularity of Nutrient Uptake, distribution and accumulation, and the effect of fertilizer were studied through the method of field experiments and chemical analysis and biological statistics and the results showed that:1. The leaf area index changed as a single peak cure in different fertilizer treatments of N and P and K and Zn during the whole growth period. A S-cure can be observed in the dry matter accumulation and N and P and K absorption.2. The absorption amount of N and P and K was the most in the treatment of optimum fertilization (OPT), which showed that balanced fertilization can improve the nutrient uptake in sunflower. The uptake amount was K>N>P in all organs. The uptake amount of N in different organs was seeds>leaves>stems>flower discs and the P was seeds> stems > leaves >flower discs and the K was stems> leaves>flower discs>seeds.3. The seed filling progress can be described as a Logistic model and its correlation coefficient was 0.95～0.99. The emergence of maximal filling rate was advanced and the seed filling progress was shortened with the increasing of Zn fertilizer. The maximum filling rate was in the Zn 2 treatment. The water content in seed decreased during the filling progress and can be described as y=103.21-1.778x and the fitting coefficient (r) was 0.9803。4. The oil in sunflower accumulated as a S-cure in different Zn fertilizer treatments.5. Balanced fertilization increased the sunflower yield and the fertilizer effect was N fertilizer > P fertilizer > K fertilizer and the N nutrient is the most important factor for the sunflower yield. N fertilizer increased the sunflower yield by 10.3%~49.9%(mean 23.1%) ,per kg N could increase sunflower 2.3kg~7.4kg(mean 4.2kg). P fertilizer increased the sunflower yield by 4.3%~11.7%(mean 8.3%) ,per kg P could increase sunflower 2.4kg~6.0kg(mean 3.6kg). K fertilizer increased the sunflower yield by 6.4%~35.5%(mean 15.0%) ,per kg K could increase sunflower 1.8kg~12.8kg(mean 5.6kg). the results also showed that the N NUE was 19.3%~60.7%(mean 42.1%), the P2O5 NUE was 9.0%~23.8%(mean 18.5%), the K2O NUE was 20.7%~59.0%(mean 37.5%). Producing 100kg sunflower grain need to uptake N 4.82~5.72kg(mean 5.14kg), uptake P2O5 0.84~2.77kg(mean 1.37kg), uptake K2O 4.13~6.30kg(mean 5.24kg), The content rate of N,P and K was 1:0.27:1.01 in oil-sunflowers. the sunflower yield was increased by 10% for applying Zn fertilizer based on the NPK fertilizer.