Study On The Climatic Zoning Of Viticulture And Grapevine Variety Zoning Of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Based on the climate data of 24 meteorological stations in the past 30 years (1979—2008), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was discussed and classified in the paper, by using the climatic zoning system which presented by Lihua, etc. The climatic zoning system used Frost Free Days as the first index, Dryness Index (from April to September) as the second index and Mean lowest temperature below -15℃a s the third index. These indices was calculated by EXCEL software and made the drafting by ARCGIS software. And basing the result of the climate divisions, we used the effective accumulated temperature (from April to September) as the index of the grapevine variety zoning in Ningxia.1. The climatic zoning of viticulture in Ningxia1.1The climatic zoning of viticulture systemChina is continental monsoon climate, which is different from the Mediterranean climate in abroad. Spring and Autumm were cold and summer was hot, rain and heat were in the same quarter. So when choosing the climate indicators, we should chose them which meet Chinese climate. And by comparing the results of frost-free period and accumulated temperature, we can find frost-free period as the heat index for grapevine climatic zoning in Ningxia was appropriate. So we used the climatic zoning system which presented by Lihua, et al.1.2 The method of the climatic zoningBased on the climate data of 24 meteorological stations in the past 30 years (1979—2008), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was classified using frost-free period and dryness index as climatic zoning indexes. If one year had more missing data, then all the data of the year was excluded And the date of the previous day was used to take the place of the missing date of one day. And ARCGIS software was used to make the drafting by1.3 The divisions of the climate indicatorsBased on the analysis and statistics of the results of the indicators, we can learn more about the distribution of each index and obtain the suitable cultivation areas and unsuitable cultivation areas.1.3 The result of the climatic zoning of viticulture in NingxiaⅠ: Yongning, Helan, Shizuishan, Wuzhong, QingtongxiaⅡ: Tongxin Ⅲ: Shitanjing, Pingluo, Huinong, Yinchuan, Taole, Zhongwei, ZhongningⅣ: Mahuangshan, Weizhou, HaiyuanAfter the analysis and comparing of the climate of these areas, 4 zones were suitable for viticulture, in whichⅠregion andⅢregion can produce the highest quality grape. Because the frost free days were short,Ⅳregion can chose the special varieties of grapevine that have a strong resistibility.2. The grapevine variety zoning in Ningxia2.1 The method of the grapevine variety zoning in NingxiaBased on the analysis and study of previous research on the grapevine variety zoning, we found that we can use the effective accumulated temperature as the index. Therefore the suitable areas of Ningxia were classified using the effective accumulated temperature as the index.2.2 The result of the grapevine variety zoning in Ningxia(1)The effective accumulated temperature in Mahuangshan and Haiyuan is less than 1290℃, and the area is suitable to plant Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Gewurztraminer, Chardonnay, Muller-Thurgau and Syvaner. These areas were also suitable to produce Sparkling wine and white wine.(2)The effective accumulated temperature in Shitanjing, Zhongwei and Weizhou is 1300—1560℃, which is suitable to plant Pinot Noir, Chardonnay ,Riesling, Blue French, Syvaner, Merlot, Ugni Blanc, Semilliom. These areas were also suitable to produce Sparkling wine and new wine.(3)The effective accumulated temperature in the area. is 1570—1840℃, which is suitable to plant Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay, Italian Riesling, Riesling, Pinot Noir, Merlot, Cinsault, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay, Syvaner, Ugni Blanc, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Gernischet, et al. These areas were also suitable to produce white and red wine.