Study Of The Zoning Thermal Indexes Of The Grapevine And Viticulture Zoning In China

Based on the climatic data of 722 weather stations provided by Climatic Information Centre of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) (during the period from 1971 to 2000), average temperature, extreme temperature, precipitation, evaporation capacity and frost-free period (FRD) was summarized. Based on these data, FRD and dryness index was calculated. According to the characteristic of Chinese climate and the growing behavior of grapevine, the climatic indexes which effect grapevine were analyzed and the scheme of Chinese zoning thermal indexes of the grapevine (draft) was presented, the grapevine zoning based on this scheme was also brought forward.1. The construction of Chinese zoning thermal indexes of the grapevine. Under the promise of Chinese climatic characteristic and the requirement of grapevine growing, thermal index and moisture index was studied. Based on the analysis of these two indexes, the zoning index scheme which support Chinese climatic characteristic was brought forward.1.1 Thermal index: Frost-free period.FRD is the interval between the first appearances of 0℃in spring to the last appearance of 0℃in autumn. FRD≥160d (30 annual mean values, and FRD <150 events is not more than 3 time in 30 years) was applied as the thermal minimum margin for Chinese viticulture (The northern limit of viticulture). The areas where FRD under 160d were considered as non-economical viticulture areas, because the basic thermal requirement is not satisfied; the areas where FFD between 160d to 180d were suitable on the whole for grapevine growing, but some of those areas is frost-incline; the areas where FFD between 180d to 200d were very suitable for viticulture; the grape quality of the areas where FFD surpass 220d will suffer, as the summer is two hot, but those areas absolutely meet the requirement of grapevine growing.1.2 Moisture index: dryness indexDryness index (DI) is the ratio of evapotranspiration and precipitation during growing season. In this study, the dryness index during grapevine growing season (from 1th Apr. to 30th Sept.) was considered as a suitable moisture index for Chinese viticulture zoning, which is much better than other moisture indexes. The areas where DI<1.0 was considered as non-suitable viticulture area; the places where 1≤DI≤1.6 was defined as ordinary viticulture areas; the places where 1.6