The Causations On Different Contents Of Oil And Essential Oil Of Almond In Different Producing Areas Of The Loess Plateau

Armeniaca sibirica is an excellent local afforestation tree species with very extensive distribution in the loess plateau. The almond contains abundant oils, mineral elements and Ve,which has application values for Nutrition food, medicine and light industry etc. The essential oil of almond is widely used as aroma substance in food additives and cosmetics,it also often used as intermediates for synthesis of pharmaceutical preparations and chemical reagents.There is a big difference in oil and essential oil content of the almond from different producing areas. This study choose Linyou county of Shanxi province and Qingcheng county of Gansu province which have higher oil essential oil content,Lingtai county and Huachi county of Gansu province which have lower oil essential oil content in the gully area of loess plateau.To survey the site conditions of A. sibirica in different producing areas, collect the seed of Armeniaca sibirica, use the Morphological observation method to divide variation type based on the difference of quantitative characters,and then reaseach the causations on different contents of oil and essential oil of almond. The results are as follows:The site condition of producing areas is not the main causation that causes the differences of morphological and economic characteristics of armeniaca sibirica seed and almond. There are significant differences not only in morphological characteristics of armeniaca sibirica seed, such as the length of the nucleus, nuclear width, nuclear thickness, ratio of length to width, kernel rate, but aiso in kernel weight, oil and essential oil extraction rate of almond between and within the different producing areas in the the scope of the study area.Natural variability of armeniaca sibirica is the main causation that causes the differences of oil and essential oil content of almond. Seven variation types were divided based on the difference of quantitative characters of armeniaca sibirica seed. There are significant differences in oil and essential oil extraction rate of almond between every variation type.Type 2(long fusiform type) has the highest oil and essential oil content of almond between the seven variation types of armeniaca sibirica,and type 2 mainly distributed in Linyou county of Shanxi province. Those researches have fundamental definited the germplasm resources of armeniaca sibirica in the gully area of loess plateau, revealed the main causation on the differences of almond,s oil content, optimized the best variation type of armeniaca sibirica, and then provided scientific basis for selective improved variety of armeniaca sibirica and Raw material bases of almond in the loess plateau.