| R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean and R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis are two members of the Rosa L.,Rosaceae.They have many good traits, such as fragrance, flowers, disease resistance and coldness. Species in the long process of evolution and cultivation, resulting in the disappearance of a large number of groups of resources, made a wild population of great challenge, especially in endemic Yunnan (R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean) greater harmly. Therefore, these two rose plants have been carried out systematic and comprehensive study of genetic diversity, on the one hand rose breeding for the future guidance of the new germplasm selected basis, in order to expand its hybrid parent rose to provide the genetic basis of important scientific basis; the other hand, for the population rose and rose introduction, domestication, germplasm resources protection and preservation, development and utilization of wild resources to provide basic data and theoretical basis.In this study, morphological traits and SSR markers for R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean and R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis natural populations of genetic diversity, draw the following conclusions:(1)R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean eight natural populations in 11 selected biological properties of average variation of water significantly different from the morphological level, that there is a large flower-rich tea rose among the populations and the Home variation within groups;traits, the average coefficient of phenotypic differentiation of 37.28%, indicating that variation within the group is the largest flower tea rose of the main sources of variation.(2) R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis eight natural populations in the 12 traits selected variation levels were very significant differences, from the morphological level, that there is a large flower tea rose among the populations and the rich variation within populations;traits mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient of 27.40%, indicating that variation within the group is the long pointed leaves the main sources of variation rose.(3) Modified CTAB extraction of R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean with R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis plant genome DNA and SSR reaction system optimized for large flowers with long pointed leaf tea rose rose natural genetic diversity of populations. In this study,24 pairs of primers were synthesized, including 13 pairs of primers, R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean has shown stability in the polymorphism; there were 14 pairs of primers, R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis 's performance in stable polymorphisms.(4) R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean 92 polymorphic fragments, the total number of bands of 97.87%, the total population Nei's genetic diversity and Shannon information index were 0.3012 and 0.4600, from the molecular level, that R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis populations are abundant variation; R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis populations of 80 polymorphic fragments, the total number of bands of 97.56%, with a total population of Nei's gene diversity and Shannon information index were 0.3139 and 0.4747, from the molecular level, long-pointed leaves that rose populations are abundant variation.(5) In the SSR level, R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean of genetic differentiation among populations coefficient GST=0.3051,showed that genetic variation exists within populations, gene flow was 1.1391; R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis of genetic differentiation among populations Gst coefficient=0.3453, indicating that genetic variation exists within populations, gene flow was 0.9479.(6) Morphological traits among populations Euclidean distance by UPGMA cluster analysis showed that:R. odorata Sweet var. gigantean populations not strictly in accordance with the geographical distance clustering; R. longicuspis Bertol,longicuspis population is largely based on geographic distance clustering. SSR markers among populations of data, according to the same degree of genetic clustering UPGMA clustering of morphological characters is essentially the same results.
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