| In this paper, through calcutating the climate potential productivity and climate-soil potential productivity of three kinds of crops(rice, maize and soybean) in 1980 and 2005 in black region of HeiLongjiang Province, we can educe not only the spatial and horary changes, but also the effect rule on climate-soil potential productivity of climate resourses by applyding GIS. At last, agricultural resourse utilization ratio was analysised. All these provided diagnosing and forecasting information for agricultural related departments. The results showed that:(1) By applying, correction coefficient of soil was calculated. The weigh and memberships values were resultd by using analytical hierarchy process curve method and curve method. In the whole area, the relatively higher weight value of soil fertility factors are in WuDalianchi (0.801), BeiAn (0.783), NenJiang (0.755) and the relatively lowers are in ACheng (0.502), ShuangCheng (0.507), WuChang (0.510). The fertilization of south is lower than north, and the soil in most part of black region decreasd, which are in southern and middle part.(2) The climate-soil potential productivity of three kinds of crops have the loacations of north is higher than south and west is higher than east. The higher climate-soil potential productivity is in ACheng(corn8819kg/hm2, rice9932kg/hm2, soybean3179kg/hm2), WuChang(corn9330kg/hm2, rice10344kg/hm2, soybean3662kg/hm2), Harbin(corn9283kg/hm2, rice10331kg/hm2, soybean3509 kg/hm2); The lower climate-soil potential productivity is in NenJiang(corn4119kg/hm2, rice 5177 kg/hm2, soybean1511kg/hm2), BeiAn(corn5149kg/hm2, rice6386kg/hm2, soybean1789kg/hm2), WuDalianchi(corn4877kg/hm2 , rice6821 kg/hm2, soybean1674 kg/hm2). For each crop, the higheat is about 2.3 times as much as the lowest. So the climate-soil potential productivities of the three kinds of corps in black region have little difference.(3) Climate-soil potential productivity of most city and county increased, which appears the trend of denivellation crisscross (besides some regions). The corn potential productivity of HaiLun, SuiLing and WangKui decreased. They separately decreased for 11.1%,14.4%,0.4%. The rice potential productivity HaiLun, SuiLing, WangKui decreased too, 6.5%,12.3%,6.8%. For soybean, besides MingShui (6.1%) and SuiLing (14.4%), there were ShuangCheng (4.0%) and ACheng (0.5%). The place where the climate-soil potential productivity decreased were all in the range of the region in which the soil fertilization decreased.(4) The agricultural resourses utilization was calculated by using factor-energy evaluation model,it showed that for different crops, it shows that the same natural resources have different satisfaction on plant At photosynthesis-temperature, the utilization of rice is the hignest, 40.6%, and the next is separately soybean 31.4% and corn 27.7%. There is still photosynthesis-temperature resources of 59.4% can be transformated into production, while soybean and corn are more, separately 68.6% and 72.3%. At climate, the utilization of soybean is the hignest, 47.5% and the next is 43.1% separately 41.0%. For soybean, there is still climate resoureces of 52.5% can be transformated into production, while corn and rice is more, separately 56.9% and 59%. At climate and soil, the utilization of rice is the hinges 78.4%, than soybean and corn 69.6% and 66.6%. So the utility of photosynthesis, photosynthesis-temperature is less, there is ate and climate-soil potential productivities of the main crops were relatively much. Warm, water and soil propery were the main limiting factors. So there is still big potential to mining, and the improvement of resource utilization awaits the improvement of socioeconomic factors of agricultural production process. |
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