| Potato cultivars in China have been contributing a lot not only to potato production but also to varietal improvement as germplasm resource. In this study, for the aim of cultivar identification and parents selection at the molecular level, SSR markers were employed to analysis 217 potato cultivars in China. Primers with high polymorphism were screened out. DNA fingerprints database of main potato cultivars in China was constructed and the genetic diversity was analyzed. The main results were summarized as follows:1. The morphological traits identification of 217 potato cultivars showed: there were 28 cultivars which had two accessions respectively which came from two institutes, and there were 3 cultivars in question; 4 pairs of cultivars were difficult to distinct.2. 20 of 138 pairs of SSR primers were screened out for analysis on fingerprinting and genetic diversity based on 16 accessions distinct in genetic background.3. 20 primer pairs amplified a total of 249 alleles (including 244 polymorphic alleles) among the 217 cultivars, and the ratio of polymorphism was as high as 97.99%. Alleles amplified by each pair of primer ranged from 7 to 22, with a mean of 12.45. The polymorphic information content values (PIC) ranged from 0.6407 to 0.9324, with a mean of 0.8309. The fragment sizes varied from 80bp to 380bp.4. UPGMA cluster analysis of genetic similarity showed that all the materials were clustered in one group at the genetic similarity of 0.6327, and 78.8% percent of the cultivars were still clustered together at the genetic similarity of 0.6860. The genetic relationships of cultivars were identical to the family tree basically. It's indicated that the genetic basis of potato cultivars in China was narrow.5. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 11 pairs of primers which were S180, S25, S7, S151, S184, S192, S122, S168, S170, S118 and S174 could distinct all the 217 cultivars, and the DNA fingerprints of 217 main potato cultivars in China were constructed by the above-mentioned primers.
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