| Gynostemma pentaphyllum , perennial herbaceous vine , the only plant that owns panaxoside except ginseng in Araliaceae plants, has the similar physiologically activity to panaxoside, and therefore was called"south ginseng"or"second ginseng"instead. Gyp-3,Gyp-5,Gyp-8,Gyp-12 have different names but the same substances to panaxoside Rb1,Rb3,Rd,F2 respectively. Besides, 6 monomers has the same structure to panaxoside. Lots of studies have shown that G. pentaphyllum have many magical effects—to lower blood pressure, to lower blood-fat, to strengthen phylactic power, to slow down consenescence, for example.Several pieces of work about germplasm and main active components of G. pentaphyllum have been done in This study.1. 26 resources from 10 provinces were collected, a G. pentaphyllum germplasm resources garden was build, aiming to provide abundant materials for breeding.2. Microwave-assisted water extraction of main health components (gypenosides, polysaccharides, flavonids) from leaves of G. pentaphyllum were studied by using an orthogonal experiment. The results show that the optimum conditions are as follows: the ratio of material to water is 1:20,the extract temperature is 70℃, the extract time is 120 min, microwave level is between medium and higher level, microwave treatment time is 120 s. Microwave-assisted water extraction of G. pentaphyllum not only can save production cost, but also can raise efficiency.3. Microwave time,microwave intensity,oven-dried time,oven-dried temperature of fresh G. pentaphyllum were studied by single factor angalysis and ultrasound extraction to research gypenosides content. The relation between water loss and gypenosides was studied also. The result of gypenosides content showed that microwave sample>oven-dried sample>fresh leaves sample>air-dry sample. It got highest content by water-removing 5min & high intensity. With water-removing intensity lowered, water-removing time reduced, oven-dried temperature decreased, oven-dried time declined, the gypenosides content all decreased. Using microwave to dry and low temperature can be used to keep gypenosides.4. Comparison and analysis of gypenosides content of G. pentaphyllum in 10 provinces was made by means of microwave-assisted extraction and colorimetry determination. Of all the samples the highest gypenosides content was 7.75% and the lowest 0.68% in the root; the highest 4.65% and the lowest 1.02% in the stem; the highest 6.86% and the lowest 2.03% in the leaves. The order of gypensides in organs of G. pentaphyllum:rhizome>leaf>stem>root.5. Analysis and screening was made to 26 G. pentaphyllum resources, and the results showed that the gypenosides content were significant different between the provinces where G. pentaphyllum was collected and analyzed. The diversity of environmental factors resulted from regional difference is responsible for the difference in gypenosides content. G8 has the highest gypenosides, 9.65%, which increase 93% gypenosides to the popularized variety"201"in Fujian. G8 is suitable to tragacanth because of its bitter taste. G23 has higher gypenosides, 7.79%, which increase 56% gypenosides to the popularized variety"201"in Fujian. G23 is suitable to produce tea because of its sweet taste. G8and G23 can be made more widespread with the local practices.6. Setting the ratio of gypenosides dissolving from pearl Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea as main inspecting target, giving attention to the color and taste of the tea soup, this paper used monofactorial experiment and orthogonal experiment to study 4 factors:tea-water ratio,brew period,brew temperature,brew times, and optimized the brew parameters. The results showed that the best brew parameters were tea-water ratio 1/75,brew period 6 min,brew temperature 80℃,and brewing for 3 times. |
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