Effects Of Mineral Element On Growth And Accumulation Of Effective Ingredient In Gynostemma Pentaphyllum

Pot and field experiments of Gynostemma pentaphyllum have been carried out for two years. We studied the regular pattern of growth, the amount of fertilizer and the accumulation of Gsaponins, to provide theory foundation for G.pentaphyllum GAP. Our results show that:1. April and May are slow growth periods of G.pentaphyllum. The growth is vigorous after G.pentaphyllum is transplanted for 60 days. The accumulation of dry substance reaches to its maximum after Gpentaphyllum is transplanted for 150 days. After that, accompanied by the slow nutrition growth, the reproduction growth becomes fast and until October, the Gpentaphyllum begins to grow old and shrivel. After the Gpentaphyllum is transplanted for 30days, the Gsaponins content in vine begins to increase and until 130 days later, the Gsaponins content is maximum. After that, the reproduction growth of Gpentaphyllum grows vigorously, the Gsaponins content reduces gradually and the decreasing range is relatively big in October and November. The high peak accumulation period of Gsaponins quantity appears much earlier than its accumulation of dry substance for about 20—30 days. The absorbing nitrogen of vine changes like asymmetric peaks. The absorbed nitrogen is maximum after Gpentaphyllum is transplanted for 90—120 days and the absorbed potassium is maximum after 80¹10 days. The absorbing phosphorous of vine has two peaks separately after transplanted for 70 days and 150 days. The critical period of nitrogen and phosphorous is early while the critical period of potassium is comparatively late.2. The nitrogen fertilizer can delay Gpentaphyllum vine's aging and remarkably increase its production. Barren soil can accelerate the process of growth and make it old ahead of time. The effect to yield of these nutrition elements is nitrogen > potassium > phosphorous and the effect to content of Gsaponins is potassium > phosphor > nitrogen. Phosphor shows good effect to palliate the negative effect of nitrous. B, Zn, Mn etc are available to increase product and content. The Gpentaphyllum yield may reach 4200⁴800 kg/hm² when pure nitrogen quantity is 180.68²52.45 kg/hm² , pure phosphor quantity is 26.59⁵3.44kg/hm² and pure potassium quantity is54.97¹00.80 kg/hm2. The optimum proportioning of applying fertilizer should be N: P₂O₅: K₂O=5.82: 1: 1.96. The Gsaponins content may reach 5.7⁶.2% when pure nitrogen quantity is78.105¹41.96 kg/hm² , pure phosphor quantity is 36.324⁵8.470 kg/hm2 and pure potassium quantity is57.398 81.669 kg/hm2. The optimum proportioning of applying fertilizer should be N: P2O5: K.2O=2.3: 1: 1.45.3. The nitrogen, phosphor and organic fertilizer can increase Cpentaphyllum product and active ingredient content effectively. Fitting organic fertilizer can promote the absorbing of mineral element, growth of Gpentaphyllum and the accumulation of Gsaponins. The excess organic fertilizer can decrease the Gsaponinscontent. The G.pentaphyllum yield and Gsaponins content may reach 4200⁵000 kg/hm2 and 5.8⁶.5% when pure nitrogen quantity is 136.50—174.84 kg/hm2, pure phosphor quantity is 40.78⁵3.02 kg/hm2 and organic fertilizer quantity is 2550.15³429kg/hm . The optimum proportioning of applying fertilizer should be N: P2O5: organic fertilizer=3.32: 1: 63.74.4. The results of experiment show that: On November, the G pentaphyllum yield canreach 4000⁵000 kg/hm2 when pure nitrogen quantity is 179.57¹84.39kg/hm2, pure phosphor quantity is 37.36⁴0.71kg/hm2 and pure potassium quantity is 50.14⁵4.80kg/hm2, borax quantity is 5.86—6.12kg/hm2, ZnSC>4 quantity was 5.79⁶.05kg/hm2.Spraying microelement on leaf should be based on fertilizing large element, the optimum proportioning of spraying microelement on leaf should be B: Zn: Mn =2:6:2 (Spraying concentration: g/kg).