| The gastric muscular layers,in rabbit, pig and dog,were dissected by basic anatomical method layer-by-layer. Then, the distribution, variance of thickness and connective way of the gastric muscular coat were studied with the macroscopic observation and the stereoscopic observation. The studies about the feature of stomach in rabbit, dog and pig presented basic dates for the zootomy and the physiology and a new thinking to study the relationship between the gastric muscular layers with the gastric subarea, the gastric motility and the midgastric transverse band. The main results were shown as following:The longitudinal muscle of stomach in rabbit mainly distribute in the greater curvature of stomach, the visceral surface, the facies diaphragmatica and the pyloric part. At the cardiac orifice, the longitudinal muscle spread in the manner of spiral. On the pyloric part, the surface longitudinal muscle is with U distribution. The circular muscle in rabbit mainly situate on the gastric body and the pyloric part. There are incrassate circular muscular ring at the cardiac and the pyloric orifice. On the middle of the pyloric part, there have an incrassate circular band. The oblique muscular fibers are continuous with those of the esophagus at the cardiac incisure. Then, some fibers spread along both sides of the lesser gastric curvature. Other distribute in the gastric fundus and the gastric body.The most surfaces of stomach in dog are mainly coated with the longitudinal muscle. But on the lesser gastric curvature, the longitudinal muscular fibers are thinly scattered or scarcely to be found. On the upper part of the facies diaphragmatica, muscular fibers of the gastric body accumulate and spread with the radiation distribution to the whole gastric body. On the pyloric part, the longitudinal muscular fibers become thicker and form a complete layer. As the gastric fundus of the dog is small, the circular muscular fibers distribute almost the whole stomach. At the pyloric orifice, the circular muscular fibers become thicker and stronger than at other points, and then form the pyloric sphincter. On the middle of the pyloric part, the circular muscular fibers are gathered into a thick bundle, which meet with the pyloric sphincter at the lesser gastric curvature. The oblique muscular fibers are continuous with those of the esophagus at the cardiac incisure. Parts spread along both sides of the lesser gastric curvature and turn to the greater gastric curvature at the angular incisure. Others are with rings distribution surrounding the gastric fundus and the gastric body, and then blend with the circular fibers on the middle of the gastric body.The most range of stomach in pig is covered with the longitudinal muscular fibers. On the lower gastric body, longitudinal muscular fibers are thinly scattered or scarcely to be found. The incrassate longitudinal muscular fibers cover the most range of the pyloric part except the lesser gastric curvature. The circular muscular fibers spread from the cardia to the pylorus. Between the cardia and the angular incisure, the circular muscular fibers comprise the superficial layer (which spread to the anterior part of the gastric body and the gastric fundus except the gastric diverticulum) and the deep layer (which distribute on the whole gastric body). At the lesser gastric curvature side of the pyloric orifice, the circular muscular fibers are gathered, and then form the torus pyloricus. The oblique muscular fibers are continuous with those of the esophagus at the cardiac incisure. Then parts spread along both sides of the lesser gastric curvature and end below the angular incisure. Others are with rings distribution surrounding the gastric fundus and the gastric body. |
