Analysis On Genetic Diversity Of Three Subsps Of Eruca Mill

The mophorlogical markers, SSR markers and cluster analysis were used to research the the genetic diversity of 24 Eruca Mill germplasm.Main results are the follows:1. Through the observation and study to the 24 Eruca Mill materials, they have common features, for example: the leaf of Yunjie is Pinated parted leaf, the petals are Separated,and bat- shaped. The silicle is cylindrical-shaped or quadrangular-shaped,fruit beak is flat sword-shaped. However, the morphological characteristics and Agronomic traits of the three subspecies are quite different, mainly manifestated on the color of the leaf, the side of radical and stem leaf ,the stem with or without bristle, the shape of calyx,the height of the plant,the number of the silicle,the longth of the silicle,the 1000-seed weight, shattering habit and so on:Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.subsps. sativa:except Hetian Yunjie,the other materials have pinated parted leaf, the leaf is deep green.The radical leaf is 15-22cm in length f, 4-5cm in wide, the stem leaf is small than the radical leaf, 10-18cm in length and 4-5cm in wide, not clasping leaf,the stem without or with a little bristle.The color of the petal is yellow or milk white, the calyx is tube-shaped,and it exfoliated after flowering.The silicle is quadrangular-shaped, 1.5-3cm in length, the seed is oval-shaped,brown or yellow,not easy pod shattering.The height of the plant is 22-60.4cm,average 42.19cm,the average height of the branch site is 4.5cm,the number of totle branch is 23, the average number of silicle is 74, the average longth of silicle is 2.00cm,the 1000-seed weight is 1.65g.Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.subsps.vesicaria:they all have pinated parted leaf, the leaf is deep green, The length of radical leaf is 11-13cm, 5cm in wide. The stem leaf is 8-10cm in length,and 2cm in wide,the stem with bristle densely.The color of the petal is yellow, the lower of the calyx is wide,and the calyx is not wither after flowering. The silicle is cylindrical-shaped,with dense bristle,and about 1.5cm in length. The seed is yellow-brown, and not easy shattering. The height of the plant is about 34cm,the average height of the branch site is 1.15cm,the number of totle branch is 14, the number of silicle is 126, average 102.the longth of silicle is about 1.2cm,the 1000-seed weight is about 0.60g.Eruca vesicaria(L.) Cav.subsps.pinatifida: the leaf is Pinated parted leaf, the color of the leaf is green, The length of radical leaf is about 14cm, 6cm in wide. The stem leaf is about 7cm in length,and about 2cm in wide,the basal part of the stem with bristle densely and there are little bristle on the top.The color of the petal is yellow. The silicle is cylindrical-shaped,without bristle,and about 1.3cm in length. The seed is yellow-brown, minima and easy shattering. The height of the plant is about 109cm,it is the hightest in all the materials.The average height of the branch site is about 2cm,the number of totle branch is 26, the number of silicle is 340, and the longth of silicle is about 1.2cm,the 1000-seed weight is only 0.25g.2. The quality traits of the three subspecies are also different. The materials of Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.subsps. sativa , the glucosinolates content and the oil content is highest, respectively reach 22.64 and 28.26, but the glucosinolates content and the oil content of the other two subspecies is small, the average glucosinolates content of the materials of Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.subsps.vesicaria is only 7.79, the average oil content is 26.2;but the content of mustard acid and protein is higher, respectively reach 31.77 and 42.47;The materials of Eruca vesicaria(L.) Cav.subsps.pinatifida subspecies,the content of mustard acid, glucosinolates,oil and protein respectively is 23.14,15.57,21.31,40.21.3.Through the study on the Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.subsps. sativa subspecies,there are differents between cultivated species and wild species. Mainly manifestated on the length of leaf,the color of petal,the bristle,the height of plant,the side of seed,the shattering habit and so on:The leaf of the cultivated species is longer, 13-18cm.The petal is yellow.There is little bristle on the stem and flower bud.The plant of cultivated species is higher,the total number of the plant is average 47.The silicle is wider and longer,about 2.3cm long.The seed is bigger,1000-seed weight is above 2g,not easy shattering.The leaf of the wild species is short, 8-14cm.The petal is mild white.The bristle on the stem and flower bud are densely.The average plant height and the average branch site of wild species are all lower than cultivated species,the total number of the silicle is average 156.The length of silicle is about 1.6cm.The seed is small,1000-seed weight is less than 1g,easy shattering.4. Based on the comprehensive analysis result on the morphological characteristics , agronomic traits and quality traits,the cluster analysis was made.At the genetic distance 0.60,the 24 materials can made six groups.5.In the 29 random primer,6 primer were used for SSR marker analysis, total amplified 317 bands, there are 256 polymorphic bands,the ratio of polymorphic bands is 80.7%. At the genetic distance 0.09, the 24 materials can made three major types,the third type can made three groups.