Pathological Studies On Effects Of High Copper On Kidney In Chickens And Ducklings

360 one-day-old Avian chickens and 360 one-day-old Tianfu ducklings were randomly divided into six groups and feed on diets as follows:controls(Cu 10.89 mg/kg, chicken;8mg/kg,duckling) and high copper(Cu 100 mg/kg,high copper groupâ… ;Cu 200 mg/kg,high copper groupâ…¡;Cu 400 mg/kg,high copper groupâ…¢:Cu 600 mg/kg,high copper groupâ…£;Cu 800 mg/kg,high copper groupâ…¤) for six weeks.Chickens and ducklings grew faster in groupâ… andâ…¡,and lower in groupâ…¢,â…£andâ…¤than in control group.Injuries were appeared in high copper groupsâ…¢,â…£andâ…¤.There were granular degeneration and vacuolar degeneration in the renal tubule epithelial cells.Ultrastructurally, the mitochondria were swelled and mitochondria cristae were broken,and the electron density of nucleus was steped up in the renal tune epithelia cells.The renal copper contents and serum copper contens were much higher in high copper groupsâ…£andâ…¤than in control group(P＜0.01).The serum creatinine contens were much higher in high copper groupsâ…¢,â…£andâ…¤than in control group.Compared with those of control group, the renal free fatty acids(NEFA),malondialdehyde(MDA),hydroxy radical and nitric oxide(NO) contents,and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) activities in high copper groupsâ…¡,â…¢,â…£andâ…¤were increased(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05 ).The serum copper protein(CP) activities was decreased in high copper groupsâ…¡,â…¢,â…£andâ…¤(P＜0.01or P＜0.05).The renal copper-zinc-superoxide(CuZn-SOD) and serum CuZn-SOD in high copper groupsâ…¢,â…£andâ…¤of chickens,and those in high copper groupsâ…¤of duckings were decreased(P＜0.01or P＜0.05).The renal cell proliferation index was decreased,and the percentage of renal cell apoptosis was increased in high copper groupsâ…¢,â…£andâ…¤when compared with those of control group.The results showed that dietary Cu in excess of 400mg/kg diet caused pathological injures and the antioxydic function decreased in kidney,and impaired the progression of renal cells from G₀/G₁ phase to S phaes obviously and induced renal cell apoptosis.The renal function was finally depressed.