Gene Expression Of Early Developmental Embryos In Goat

In order to understand the molecular mechanism about gene expression of early developmental embryos in goat, and people can more effectively control animal embryos during early development. 2 cell, 4 cell, 8~16 cell, morulae and blastocyst stage goat embryos were obtained using estrus synchronization and superovulation. mRNA differential display was used in this study and 30 different stage specific bands in total were screened. The sequencing and alignment results indicated that 9 differential expression bands were homologous with function genes or regulatory genes which already known from the GeneBank whereas other 21 differential expression bands were unknown genes.1 Y62 and E66 were specific bands expressed in 2-cell stage and they were respectively homologous with human phosphatas gene and sapiens dynein gene. Phosphatas reflected the situation of the calcium metabolism in the process of embryonic development, which could be characterized as the signal of preimplantation and had important effect on cell division. Dynein took part in many life activities and promoted the development of early embryos. Dynein had a much important role in regulating gene transcription and expression of embryos.2 Y72 was the specific band expressed in 4-cell stage and it was homologous with human epidermal growth factor receptor gene. Epidermal growth factor receptor gene was one of the most important regulators. It regulated the protein transcription about cell proliferation through a series of signals in cells. 3 E8 and S81 were specific bands expressed in 8~16-cell stage and they were respectively homologous with Glycine dehydrogenase gene and fibronection gene. Transition from maternal to embryonic control occurred in 8~16-cell stage and zygotic genomic stayed in a state of more active in this stage. Glycine dehydrogenase maintained and promoted the process of bio-oxidation within the cells, which was essential for ATP synthesis to provide energy for embryonic development. Fibronection played an important role in coming into being blastula and morphology formation of preimplantation embryos.4 S97 and Y97 were specific bands expressed in morulae and blastocyst stage, which were respectively homologous with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene and growth hormone (GH) gene. Morulae and blastocyst came into a period of rapid growth and differentiation. LIF regulated the growth and differentiation of early embryos and launched the implantation of Germinal vesicle, also LIF maintained embryos in a state of multi-function. GH promoted cleavage of embryos and blastocyst development, which affected implantation.5 S78B was the specific band expressed both in 4-cell and 8~16-cell stage which was homologous with bovine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene. It controlled the synthesis of ATP which provided energy for zygotic gene activation and DNA demethylation and redemethylation.6 Sg6789 was expressed in 2-cell, 4-cell, 8~16-cell and morulae and blastocyst stage. It had effect on oocytes maturation and the whole process of early developmental embryos, which affected the quality and implantation of embryos.