Study On The Application Of Alfalfa Saponins In The Diet Of Laying Hens And Laying Chicken

Study on the Application of Alfalfa Saponins in the Diet of Laying Hens Abstract:480 healthy Hailanhe laying hens of 23-weeks-old were randomly divided into 8 groups with five replicates and 12 per replicates.The experiment lasted 45 days.The control group were fed basal diet,the meal group were fed with the test diet with 5%alfalfa meal,the other six groups were fed with the basal diets added with 500,1000,1500,2000,2500 and 3000mg alfalfa saponins(the content of total saponins was 34%)per kilogram.The results showed that:(1)Alfalfa saponins could improve the production performance of laying hens.The laying rate of the test groups except groupⅣwere higher than that of control group,and groupⅡandⅢincreased significantly during 0～15d and 0～45d(P＜0.05),and groupⅡhad a significant increase during 30～45d(P＜0.05). Alfalfa saponins had no significant effects on feed/egg ratio and average feed intake during 0～45d,but the feed intake of the test groups except groupⅣwere higher than that of control group,and this indicated that there was a suitable period for laying hens on alfalfa saponins. Alfalfa meal had no significant effects on laying rate and average feed intake.All the items that were tested about production performance had no regular changes with the increase of alfalfa saponins levels.(2)Neither alfalfa saponins nor alfalfa meal had significant and regular effects on egg weight,egg shape index,egg yolk index,eggshell relative weight, eggyolk relative weight and eggshell thickness.Alfalfa meal could significantly improve yolk color,and alfalfa saponins may have insignificance decrease.The egg yolk color of alfalfa meal group were higher than that of control group and test groups,and had significant increase to all the test groups at 15d and 45d in the experiment(P＜0.05).(3)Neither alfalfa saponins nor alfalfa meal had significant and regular effects on the egg yolk cholesterol concentration and egg cholesterol concentration(P＞0.05).But the egg yolk cholesterol concentration of all the test groups and alfalfa meal group were lower than that of control group at 15d,30d and 45d in the experiment,and the egg cholesterol concentration of all the test groups and alfalfa meal group were significantly lower than that of control group at 15d and 45d in the experiment(P＞0.05).(4)Alfalfa saponins could improve the SOD activities.The SOD activities in serum of test groupⅠ,ⅤandⅥwere higher than that of control group and alfalfa meal group in the experiment(P＜0.05),and SOD activities in serum of alfalfa meal group had little decrease compared to that of control group.SOD activities in liver of test groups were higher than that of control group and alfalfa meal group, and test groupⅣ,ⅤandⅥhad significant increase compared to control group(P＜0.05).(5) Alfalfa saponins had no significant and regular effects on amylase activities in chime compared to that of control group(P＞0.05),and amylase activities in chime of alfalfa meal group was lower than that of test groups and control group(P＜0.05).Alfalfa saponins decreased slightly to amylase activities in serum,and amylase activities in serum of all the test groups except for groupⅡwere lower than that of control group,and test groupⅠandⅢdecreased significantly(P＜0.01).Alfalfa saponins had no significant effects on amylase activities in pancreas(P＞0.05).Alfalfa saponins had no regular effects on lipase activities in chyme,and lipase activities in chime of test groupⅡ,ⅢandⅣwere higher than that of control group,but other test groups were lower than that of control group;alfalfa meal decreased the lipase activities compared to control group.Alfalfa saponins had no significant effects on lipase activities in pancreas(P＞0.05),but lipase activities in pancreas of all the test groups except for group VI were lower than that of control group. Exp.2:Study on the Application of Alfalfa Saponins in the Diet of Laying Chicken Abstract:320 healthy Hailanhe laying chicken of 1-day-old were randomly derided into four groups with four replicates and 20 per replicate.The experiment last 6 weeks.The control group was fed with the basal diet,the other three groups were fed with the basal diets added with 200,400 and 600mg alfalfa saponins per kilogram.The results showed that:(1) Alfalfa saponins could improve the growth performance of laying chicken,and the live weight and weight gain of test groupⅠandⅢwere significantly higher than that of control group at the end of 6 week(P＜0.05);alfalfa saponins could decrease F/W ratio during 0-6 weeks,and the test groupⅠhad significant decrease(P＜0.05);alfalfa saponins could improve the feed intake,and the feed intake of all the test groups were significient higher than that of control group during the 0-3 weeks(P＜0.05),and groupⅡandⅢincreased significantly during 0-6 weeks(P＜0.05).(2)Alfalfa saponins could decreased serum TC and TG level,and the TC content of test groupⅡdecreased significantly compared with control group at end of the experiment(P＜0.05),and the TG content in serum decreased regularly with the increase of alfalfa saponins levels;However,alfalfa saponins had no significant effects on HDL-C,LDL-C,GLU contents and ALT,AST activities in serum(P＞0.05).(3) Alfalfa saponins could improve the antioxidization capacity,and the SOD activities in serum and liver of all the test groups were higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05),and the SOD activities in serum of test groupⅠandⅡincreased extremely(P＜0.01),and the SOD activities in liver of test groupⅠincreased remarkable(P＜0.05);the MDA contents in serum and liver of all the test groups were lower than that of the control group,but there was no regularity with the increase of alfalfa saponins levels.The MDA content in serum of test groupⅡwas significant lower than that of control group(P＜0.05),and the MDA content in liver of test groupⅡwas significant lower than that of control group(P＜0.05).(4)Alfalfa saponins had detrimental effects on AMS activities in serum and chyme.The AMS activities in serum of test groupⅠandⅡwere significant lower than that of control group(P＜0.05); alfalfa saponins had no effects on AMS activities in pancreas;the AMS activities in chyme of testⅡandⅢwere lower than that of the control group,and the AMS activities in chyme were regular decrease with the increase of alfalfa saponins levels;alfalfa saponins could improve the LPS activities in serum and chyme,and the LPS activities in serum of test groupⅠandⅡwere significant higher than that of control group(P＜0.01),and the LPS activities in chyme of test groupⅡandⅢwere extreme significant higher than that of control group(P＜0.01).(5)Alfalfa saponins could improve the levels of IgM in serum,and the test groupⅡwas significant higher than that of control group(P＜0.05);alfalfa saponins had no effects on total protein and albumin content in serum;alfalfa saponins could improve the immune organ index,the bursa indexes of all the test groups were higher than that of control group,and groupⅡhad the extreme significant(P＜0.01);alfalfa saponins could improve the spleen indexes,and had no significant difference;alfalfa saponins had no significant effects on the thymus indexes.