Eluviating Character Of Nutrients From Compost And Its Effects On Soil And Growth Of Festuca Arundinacea

Compost is a means which using organic waste into stable humus by biochemistry transition, in the process, aerobic and anaerobic biochemistry transition takes place. Compost was much accounted of a many good excellences, for example, improving soil properties, low cost, all-around nutrients and so on. The compost has always been paid great attention to because it has a great deal of advantages. But using compost can make different influence to soil environment under different external condition as using chemical fertilizer. The methods of blowing in sealed flow for soil column simulation for nutrient leaching and field plot experiments were designed to study the leaching character of compost in the soil, as well as their influence on field soil quality and crops growing, in order to provide theoretical foundation for the rational using of biological organic fertilizer. The main results of the study are as follows:1. Festuca arundinacea's height and biomass increased apparently after using compost. Compared with no compost group, it could be the reason that the humus contribute all sorts of nutrient to the soil.2. As the using of compost quantity increasing, the total nitrogen concentrations in the soil solution enhance. When the quantity achieves 60 t/hm², the trend is weaken. The result indicate, to adopt reasonable fertilization, not only speed up the growth of Festuca arundinacea, but also reduce the nitrogen losing. It was significant to analyze the nitrogen losing from farmland.3. The soil column leaching experiment results showed that the amount of N, P and K eluviation increased with the rise of compost application amount. The loss of total N mainly concentrated in the bottom layer of the soil and concentration of total N in the leachate could reach 350 mg·l^-1 in the experiment. The process of P releases was very slow and the discrepancy of each elucidation was not obvious. The loss of P mainly concentrated in the upper or middle level of soil column and the concentration of total P in leachate could reach 8.5mg·l^-1. The loss of K also mainly concentrated in the upper layer of soil. The amount of K leaching decreased to some extent with eluviation times increased in each treatment for the first three eluviations and it then became stable subsequently.4. As the compost application increase, the quantity of total nitrogen and phosphorus enhance on the top of soil, but they didn't change remarkably in the middle and bottom soils. It makes out that the process of eluviating didn't promote nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the middle and bottom soils. When fertilization increases, available copper on the top soil reduce by some means, and in the middle and bottom soils is higher than that on the top. It's likely because some organic matter with chelation function groups could chelate with copper, and increase the ability of soil fixing the copper, induce the content of available copper on the top soil reduce. As the compost increase, available zinc on the top soil increase remarkable. When the compost application is more than 40t/hm², available zinc in the middle soil increased to a certainty. The reason could be orgnic matter seep downwards, which indicates compost can improve the content of available zinc in the soil. Available iron in 0-20 cm shows a hoist current from 11.2 to 14.7 mg/kg, under 20 cm, it is not changed remarkable, within 11.1 to 12.1mg/kg. It makes out using of compost increase the content of available iron in soil. Aavailable manganese didn't change remarkably.In conclusion, with the compost using, the quantity of total nitrogen and phosphorus increase on the top of soil, and the fertility of soil raise. The compost speeds up the growth of Festuca arundinacea. Microelements availabilities improved, but on the other hand, when compost was used too much, a mass of N and K loss, and much P accumulate in soil, imperil the soil and groundwater.