| Fertilization was one of the most effective cultivation ways to regulate tea quality. Effects under two applying methods(the soil application and leaf surface spraying) and different application quantities and the combined treatment of Silicon and Aluminum on tea quality were studied using Two-Factors Analyzing Design and D-Saturating Optimum Design. The main purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for improving the tea quality. Four years old of Mengshan 213 was grown in container. Tea was picked out to determine content of amino acid, tea polyphenol, caffeine, soluble sugar of leaves. The maim results are as below.(1) Effect of applying aluminum on tea qualityIt had been demonstrated that the application of aluminum fertilizer had a significant effect on contents of amino acid, tea polyphenol, caffeine, soluble sugar in tea. Even more, applying appropriate aluminum has a significant simulative effect on content of amino acid, tea polyphenol, caffeine, soluble sugar in tea. By comparison, the soil application made the content of amino acid increased by 12.81%, the tea polyphone by 11.34%, the caffeine by 14.48% and the soluble sugar by 28.41%, while leaf surface spraying application made the content of the amino acid increased by 23.61%, the tea polyphone by 15.44% and the caffeine by 15.57%.But applying excessive aluminum has a negative effect on tea quality. The experiment showed when the soil applying aluminum fertilizer was about 0.67g/kg or leaf surface spray was about 2500mg/l the average quantities of the amino acid, the caffeine, the tea polyphone and the soluble sugar were higher respectively and their integrated proportion was proper, and then the quality of tea would reach its best comparatively. (2)Effect of applying silicon on tea qualityIt had been demonstrated that the application of silicon has a significant effect on contents of amino acid, tea polyphenol, caffeine, soluble sugar in tea. Applying silicon has a significant simulative effect on contents of amino acid, soluble sugar in tea. By comparison, the soil application made the content of amino acid increased by 38.66%, the soluble sugar by 16.98%. While it had a negative effect on content of tea polyphenol and caffeine, the content of tea polyphenol and caffeine decreased by 15.28% and by 20.24%.It has a significant effect on contents of amino acid and caffeine by spraying silicon to foliage. By comparison, the leaf surface spraying application made the content of amino acid increased by 12.39%, the caffeine by 13.29%.Applying silicon of the right quantity will improve the tea quality, but excessive applying has a negative effect on tea quality. The experiment showed when the soil applying silicon fertilizer was about 0.20g/kg or leaf surface spray was about 500mg/l, the average quantities of the amino acid, the caffeine, the tea polyphone and the soluble sugar were higher respectively and their integrated proportion was proper, and then the quality of tea would reach its best comparatively.(3) Effect under combined treatment of silicon and aluminum on tea qualityAmino acid, tea polyphenol, caffeine, soluble sugar in tea increased according to increasingly applying aluminum. The trends of amino acid and soluble sugar increased according to increasingly applying silicon, but tea polyphenol and caffeine decreased.The results showed that, when aluminum concentration of treating was 1.34g/kg and silicon concentration was 0.10g/kg, the interactive effects of the tea polyphenol and caffeine were highest, and the average contents were 25.50% and 3.18%. When aluminum concentration of treating was 1.34g/kg and silicon concentration was 0.41g/kg, the interactive effect of the amino acid and the soluble sugar were highest and reached the theoretical maximum, and the average contents were 2.46% and 2.79%.It may be because the aluminum and silicon have the special biological effects on tea tree's growth and development that makes the application of aluminum and silicon fertilizer has a significant effect on contents of amino acid, tea polyphenol, caffeine, soluble sugar in tea. The paper analyses and compares several treatments that have effect on tea's qualities, witch will provide theoretical basis for the improvement of fertilization ways of tea product, tea qualities, and the execution of planting; At the same time, it will provide theoretical reference for keeping and upgrading biological environment and agrarian quality of MengShan tea product basis. |
