| Genetic diversity analysis of chicken, quail and chicken-quail hybrids was evaluated on the basis of 12 microsatellite loci. Allele frequency, polymorphism information content, gene heterozygosity for 12 microsatellite in chicken, quail and chicken-quail hybrids loci were calculated, and genetic distances between these breeds were estimated and the cluster analysis based on those calculated genetic distance line was performed for chicken, quail and chicken-quai hybrids.The result were as follows:(1)12 polymorphic microsatellite loci were selected and specific amplification was obtained in chicken, quail and chicken-quai hybrids. 66 alleles were detected in all the loci,alleles in each locus ranged from 4 to 8. The effective allelic number was from 3 to 7, less than the observed allelic number. This was the result of the alleles distributing unequally;(2)12 polymorphic microsatellite loci was obtained in chicken-quail. 54 alleles were detected in all the loci, alleles in each locus 4.5, mean polymorphic information content(PIC) value was 0.6800 and the mean heterozygosity was 0.6659;(3)12 polymorphic microsatellite loci was obtained in quail. 55alleles were detected in all the loci,alleles in each locus 4.583, mean polymorphic information content(PIC) value was 0.6945 and the mean heterozygosity was 0.7111;(4)12 polymorphic microsatellite loci was obtained in chicken.40 alleles were detected in all the loci,alleles in each locus 3.33, mean polymorphic information content(PIC) value was 0.5681 and the mean heterozygosity was 0.5977;(5)The mean polymorphic information content(PIC) value was between 0.5681～0.6945 and the mean heterozygosity was between 0.5977～0.7111, 12 microsatellite loci were high polymorphic, but GUJ0063 were medium polymorphic, so the 12 microsatellite loci were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationship.(6)The genetic distance between quail and chicken-quail hybrids was the closest.
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