Evalution Of Genetic Diversity Among Four Feathers Eggs Quail Populations By Using Microsatellites

In this study, 330 individuals belong to four quail populations had been carried out PCR amplification, and their genetic diversity was analyzed with the microsatellite marker technology. The four populations concluded: Korean quails(maroon), Peking white quails, yellow quails and black quails. The objective of the study is to provide scientific basis for the cultivation of new black feather quail lines, evaluation of Chinese quail genetic resources, conservation and utilization. The results were as follows:1. Using the selected nine microsatellite loci, 48 alleles were detected in four populations. The microsatellite loci which has the least number is GUJ0063, only 3 alleles; 5.33 alleles per loci in average, of which 41 alleles are shared by the four groups.2. Nine microsatellite loci in the total group the average effective number of alleles in 2.0799～4.2992, with an average effective number of alleles is 3.6436.3. The average heterozygosity of nine microsatellite loci in black, white, yellow and maroon were 0.6952, 0.7046, 0.7353 and 0.7096, this shows that polymorphism in four quail populations are high, and the yellow feather quail was the richest kind. The total population heterozygosity was 0.7376, indicating that the overall heterozygosity is very high.4. The average PIC of the 9 microsatellite loci were 0.6204,0.6587,0.6942, 0.6639, respectively, all the value were much higher than 0.5, reflected the rich genetic diversity of four quail population. The average PIC of the total population was 0.6593, indicating that the genetic diversity of total quail population was abundant.5. The average heterozygosity of the four quail sub-groups was 0.7112,of the total population was 0.0349, meaning that the genetic variation rate among populations was maintained at a low level, only 3.49%, shows the differentiation among four populations was not significant.