Studies On Quality Of Strong Heterosis Combination Improved By Good HMW-GS In Hybrid Wheat

In order to oriented quality improvement in the hybrid wheat with strong heterosis and super high yield, a new technical system was established, which can be used effectively to breed the hybrid wheat with not only high yield but also strong gluten. High molecular weight glutenin subunits 14+15 and 5+10 with good quality properties were introduced into the parents of super high-yielding hybrid wheat cultivar XZ1 and XZ5 in short time through biochemical marker assisted selection and greenhouse backcrossing, and the improved hybrid with 5+10,14+15,5+10+14+15 was obtained by crossing between the parents with the good HMW–GS introduced. The results indicated that hybrid wheat quality score was distinctly enhanced, quality related characters were improved while maintaining the original high yield, and the new hybrid wheat with both high yield and good quality was developed.The important achievement were as follows:(1)It was established that technique system of hybridization wheat quality.And gain the hybrid wheat parents with 14+15, 5+10 and 14+15+5+10.The improvement of SDS-PAGE not only used the time fully and saved the expense effectively, but also enhanced its appraisal effect.The change of management technology in the greenhouse reduced to the time of a generation at a certain extent. Introduce and polymerization of good HMW-GS effectively enhanced quality score of XZ1,XZ5 and its parents.(2)The quality effect of good HMW-GS: It is remarkable that improvement function of introduce of 14+15 to micro SDS-precipitation value of Mp1,Fp2,Mp2. Mp2 achieves the extremely remarkable level. Other achieve the remarkable level. Its effect: Mp2>Fp2>Mp1. The improvement is effective to SIG value of Mp1 and Mp2, Its achieves remarkable and the extremely remarkable level respectively, Mp2>Mp1. Protein content has the enhancement of Mp1 and Fp2, but has not achieved the remarkable level,Mp2>Fp2>Mp1.It is remarkable that improvement function of introduce of 5+10 to micro SDS-precipitation value of Fp1,Mp1,Mp2. Mp2 achieves the extremely remarkable level. Mp1 and Fp1 achieve the remarkable level. Its effect: Mp2>Mp1>Fp1. The improvement is effective to SIG value of Mp1 and Mp2, Its achieves remarkable and the extremely remarkable level respectively, Mp2>Mp1. Protein content has the enhancement of Fp2 and Mp2.The former achieves remarkable level, Fp2>Mp2It is remarkable that improvement function of introduce and polymerization of good HMW-GS to micro SDS-precipitation value and SIG value of Mp1,Mp2. The SIG value of Mp1 achieves the extremely remarkable level. Other achieve the extremely remarkable level, Mp2>Mp1. Protein content improvement is remarkable of Mp1 and Fp2, Fp2>Mp1.(3)The contribution of high quality subunits is changes along with the material and quality character change; Quality is affected by introduce advancement and difficulty degree of good subunits.The quality effects of good HMW-GS polymerization is not single subunits'sum, but is affected by complex mutual function between genes.In the most situations, quality effect of together subunits is better than single one.(4)In Glu-A1,quality effect of subnits:1>N.(5)The quality effects of different backcross generation were analysis.The results were list as follows:The most highly effective of same quality characters were display in the different backcross generation in the different cultivars;The most highly effective of different quality characters were appears in the different backcross generation in the same cultivars.Generally speaking,the micro-SDS sedimentation value and the swelling index of glutenin (SIG) value tend to gradually maintenance certain level,but the protein content is reducing, along with the backcross generation's increase.(6)The quality effects of hybrid wheat and its parents before and after introduced and pyramid multiple good HMW-GS were determined and comparison.The result is as follows: HMW-GS 5+10 improved XZ5 quality character at a certain degree;(7)The quality characters relevant analysis indicated: SIG value has correlated significantly with micro-SDS sedimentation value.The coeficient of variation of SIG value and micro-SDS sedimentation value is 0.8963; Micro-SDS sedimentation value and SIG value have low relevance with protein content.(8)The growth condition have influence to wheat quality, the wheat quality growed in the greenhouse were higher than growed in the field; The enhances degree of greenhouse planter to quality: Micro SDS- precipitation value >SIG value > protein content.Hybrid wheat quality was affected by crossing conditions.(9)The study results of tissue culture from immature embryos of hybrid wheat and its parents were as follow: the optimum age of immature embryos for its tissue culture was 16d;The optimum concentration of NAA was 0.130mg/L;The rate of germination of hybrid wheat embryo significantly higher than that of self-wheat embryo;In self-wheat varieties,Fp2 results better cultured seedlings. (10)The PCR findings 1Bx14 and 1Dx5 were list as follow: The primer is feasible, and optimal PCR reaction system and conditions is established.The PCR of 1Bx14 and 1Dx5 can application in the acceleration hybrid wheat quality character improvement with tissue culture from immature embryos of hybrid wheat.