| Our country is a great nation with big agriculture. Rural is not only a base of farmer's life and production, but also the main production base of the food, foundation of national economy. A good rural ecological environment is the important prerequisite for the development of the eco-agriculture economy. Currently, the rural ecological environment is worsening. The problem of ecological environment has become an important factor which restricts the economic development of rural. With the improvement of living standards and ecological awareness and the increasing importance of rural development, people have known the importance of the rural ecological environment. The amelioration of rural ecological environment and reasonable exploitation of rural resources have been valued more and more. The research on rural ecological environmental has been a new focus. It is very necessary that provide scientific theory and technical support for the protection of the rural ecosystem and agriculture ecology design and planning. So, how to evaluate the rural ecosystem scientifically, reasonably and accurately is very important.Based on the requirement of rural ecosystem development and landscape ecology basic theory, from the point of the relation of landscape spatial pattern and the rural ecosystem, the ecological effects by various landscape spatial patterns on the rural ecosystem are discussed in this paper. The method for ecological evaluation of rural is put forward. The concepts of eco-source, eco-source coefficients, eco-affecting radius and eco-efficacy etc. are introduced into the evaluation, and the quantitative formula for rural ecological evaluation, which based on landscape spatial pattern, is established. Then,two different regions and two different periods of the same region are selected as examples to evaluate, analyze and compare. All these provide the basic theory for scientific ecological evaluation of rural.On the base of reasonable evaluation of agricultural ecosystem, taking the agricultural ecology design and planning of Fanshui Baoying for example, the method of agriculture ecology design and planning is discussed further. The principles, targets and general processes are put forward. The spatial pattern of the region is established firstly. Then, using ecology theory, the ecological design methods of patches and corridors of agriculture are discussed specifically. The agriculture ecology design and planning not only improves the productivity of agriculture ecosystem stably, but also maintains the ecological balance and protects biodiversity. The analysis of socio-economic benefits and eco-quality and landscape efficacy of the agriculture ecology design and planning of Fanshui Baoying indicate that the benefits are very considerable. |
