Study On Urban Ecological Corridor In Shanghai Pudong New District

As an important subject of landscape ecology，the studies on corridors werepermeating urban ecology and urban landscape planning. Urban ecological corridorplayed an important role in maintaining biodiversity，improving the ecologicalenvironment，regulating microclimate，providing habitat for wildlife and maintainingecological spatial pattern. Green corridor was a key landscape type.This paper took Shanghai Pudong district as the research object，and the2007Spotimage of Shanghai Pudong district was interpreted using ArcGIS in this paper，studyarea covered533km2，building up area252.48km2.The corridor system comprisedwith road，river and channel，vegetation was drawn and which was named as graycorridor，blue corridor and green corridor respectively，and then the green corridorwas classified as road green corridor，river green corridor，green belt corridor.Thetheories and study methods of landscape ecology were employed in the paper toanalyze landscape corridor structures，including network characters of the greencorridor，the backbone green corridor，the density variation in the transect fromdowntown center to suburb，and greening construction rate along river and road.Meanwhile，key nodes were analyzed as well. The results were as follows:(1) the area of gray corridor，blue corridor and green corridor occupied7.37%，3.86%，15.07%of the study area respectively. The total area of the green corridornetwork was109.51km2and reached to20.56%of the study area，in which greencorridor80.27km2，cross nodes13.46km2and attached nodes20.88km2.The greencorridor density was1.99km/km2，among the road green corridor was685.39km，1.29km/km2，and the main road green corridor has higher occupation. The green beltcorridor was51km in length which occupied8%of total green corridor but achievedto40.4%of whole green corridors in area. The area of green river corridor wassmaller than others，which only occupied14.91%of the total green corridor area. Thegreen network structure and pattern was described in this paper，the green networklinkage was1.301，circuitry0.196，connectivity0.478.It is apparent that the structure of green network in Pudong district wasuncomplicated，then green road network is more complex in structure than that ofother corridor types. The backbone green corridor’s connectivity was better，theratio of line to node was1.478，circuitry0.309，connectivity0.552. In the otherhand，well connection for both the key road green corridor and the key river green corridor had formed，which enhance the functions on flow of materials and energy.The green corridor network played an important role in protecting biodiversity，purifying air，mitigating urban heat island，adjusting urban microclimate.(2) There is a change for landscape corridor structure in the sample transect fromcommercial center (eastern) to out suburbs (western)， the green corridor was172.65km totally in length and covered7.76km2which occupied10.35%of thesample transect’s area. The green corridor density was2.30km/km2，among the roadgreen corridor was1.63km/km2，the river green corridor0.67km/km2.There was asimilar changing trend in the transect for both of the road green corridor change andthe road corridor (grey).The density of road green corridor had a sharp rise in citycommercial center and then gradually diminished in the suburbs district. Thecommercial center reached to the highest for density of road green corridor (2.855km/km2) and there was an increasing obviously in that near to city edge because theplace where was near to the airport and the road relative concentration.The change of river green corridor’s density from downtown to suburb wassimilar to river green corridor’s but with smaller changing amplitude. It gentlyincreased from commercial center to building up edge，and then gradually declinedeach section in the suburban range. There was less river corridor in the urban center，but the green rate along river was relatively high. The distribution of river corridorwas slightly higher but the rate of afforestation was low. Overall，there was lack ofthe river green corridor and landscape along the river providing leisure and recreationfor residents in the city.(3) Total27key nodes of the green corridor were identified in the study area，which covered8.36km2and reached to1.57%of the study area，green coverage was58.50%, among19key nodes for road green corridor and8for river. The formerconnected main-road green corridor and mainly distributed in the built up area hadgreening area of3.37km2and green coverage of55.79%. The key nodes of rivergreen corridor had greening covered area of1.49km2and greening coverage of64.22%，which was distributed mostly in suburb.Based on above analysis，the existing problems and inadequate of the greencorridor was put forward in Shanghai pudong new district:each type of green corridorwas lack，especially green belt. The green corridor network connectivity is low，andthe green corridor was discontinuous because the intermittent point was too much. The width of green corridor was too narrow to form the internal environment. Partsof attached green nodes were not connected through the green corridor.Finally，the author also provided some proposals on green corridor building forfuture，should to increase length and the width of green corridor，improve theproportion of green belt，enhance construction rate of green corridors，and increasedconnectivity. All types of green corridor should be well-distributed. The disconnectarea of green corridors should be reduced and green network’s connectivity should beincreased.