Studies On The Effects Of Rootstock On Characteristic Of Physiology And Biochemistry, Fruit Quality Of Grapevines

Rootstock affected the scion in different facet, it is relative difficulty to study the interaction of Rootstock-scion; for the difference factor, the performance of growth of the same grapevines will diverse in different regions. At present,the study of the interaction of Rootstock-scion is not a specific explanation. The reason about the catabolism process,mechanism of cooperative effect,characteristic,etc.are still unknown.Therefore,it is very significant to analyze and disclose the mechanism of interaction of Rootstock-scion and to accomplish the goal of regionalization and industrialization of graft cultivation. This experiment made use of Beida,kyoho,Ln33,520A. LDP-191 and LDP-294 as rootstock,and made use of Fujiminori,Red Globe,Pinot Noir,Italy Riesling and Merlot Noir as scion; adopted the methods of green grafting; own rooted vine as contrast;Level of cultivation and management of all the grapes are the same. In this experiment,the occurrence of its bleeding and the time it lasted,total amount and ingredients,percentage of branch germination,area of leaf,content of chlorophyll,content of soluble sugar,growth quantity,content of sugar-acid,and quality of fruit were determined mainly. Comparison of activities difference of Super oxide Dismutase from own rooted vine and grafted vine were made. The study offered the theoretic basis for choosing and application of Rootstock in production,and for discussing the effect mechanism of Rootstock-scion. The main results were as follows:1. Fujiminori grafted on the LDP-191 rootstock,the occurrence of its bleeding,the time it lasted, its total amount and some ingredients in it were studied. In addition,found that the beginning of bleeding earlier nine days,the time it lasted longer eleven days, its total amount more 4.3time than own-rooted vine. Chlorophyll content,quantities of the fruit growth were higher than own-rooted vine. was Its rate of buds developed was 22.9%,Its rate of Inorganic Phosphorus,total soluble sugars,Activities of Super oxide Disputes developed2.5 time,51.8%,16.3%.Grafted on the ln33,cluster weight,Fruit weight,and total soluble sugars,total acids were increased than other Rootstock-scion. This rate of some ingredients developed1.96 time,54.5%,45.6%,21.8%,determine period of the berry early about two week than own rooted vine;grafted on the Kyoto;chlorophyll content,and others of physiology and biochemistry decreased and etiolating degree of the leaf is serious;even couldn't growth and productive in gears;no effects of Super oxide Dismutase,Fujiminori grafted on three different rootstocks. from characteristic of physiology and biochemistry and fruit qualities,So comprehensive survey that Fujiminori suitable rootstocks was LDP191.It is suitable for northwest in Chinese by Fujiminorisgraft cultivation,and Kyoto is not.2.The performance of the Red Globe grafted on different rootstocks,including (LDP-294,Beida,520A) in alkali soil,The results showed that: both of the economic properties and physical activities of the Fujiminori grafted in LDP-294 are superior to those of the stock of Beida,520A and own rooted vine which was inferior to the former,the beginning of bleeding earlier21days,the time it lasted longer five days, its total amount more105ml than own rooted vine. Chlorophyll content,quantities of the fruit growth were higher than own rooted vine. Its rate of buds developed was1.1time,Its rate of Inorganic Phosphorus,total soluble sugars,activities of super oxide Dismutase developed 47.9%,11.5time,70.5%,cluster weight increased 160.6g,Fruit weight increased1.3g,total soluble sugars,total acids were increased than other rootstock and own rooted vine. Above all,rootstock accelerated growth and development of grafted and enhanced fruit yield. Different rootstocks had great effects on the fruit quality;Mensuration period of the berry delay about one week than own rooted vine;grafted on beida,Mensuration period of the berry prolong about two weeks than own rooted vine,make the fruit volume small,the yield in descent,but quality showed a trend of creasing. others of physiology and biochemistry decreased and etiolation degree of the leaf is serious;even effect the growth and productive in gears,but it can become better after medicated;no effects of Super oxide Dismutase,Red Globe grafted on three different rootstocks.520A not only couldn't increase the weight per berry but made its quality lowering in each period,even couldn't growth and productive in gears.so suggested that LDP-294 and Beida were economically and physically suitable to be as the stock of Red Globe in alkaline soil,in contrast,520A was not.3. Growth performance of three wine grape cultivars Merlot Noir,Pinot Noir and Italy Riesling were studied after they were grafted on 520A.The results indicated as follows: for Merlot Noir and Pinot,had more advantage than own rooted vine in chlorophyll content , Characteristic of physiology and biochemistry;Activities of Super oxide Dismutase,weight per berry,TSS and TA,But for Italy Riesling for the cluster weight,sugar content of fruit and content of soluble solid decreased. Different treatments had the different changes during growth and fruit development.The handle of Merlot Noir/520A enlargement in berries could make the berry expand significantly in weight and volume,but its production had a decently trend compared with the production without grafted.Its rate of buds developed was1.1time,Its rate of chlorophyll content,total soluble sugars,Activities of Superoxide,22%,300%,47.6%;And others Rootstock-scion,Sugar contents,TSS/TA,leaf area of plant was not significantly relative with its own rooted vine. It was considered reasonable Rootstock-scion and should be continual to investigation and research in cultivation condition of 520A.