Effects Of Fertilization On Soil Enzyme Activities,Nutrients And The Yield Of Spring Wheat

As a branch of enzyme, the soil enzyme activities have been used to evaluate soil fertility and the effects of different agriculture measurements widely. In this study, we investigated the effects of soil enzyme activities including catalase, intervase, urease, alkali-phosphatase and soil nutrients on fertilization and the dynamical changes of them for distinguishing the development of soil enzyme activities and soil physical and chemical properties, the correlation between soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients,the yield of wheat based on fixing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients quantity in treatments. It can help us to research the sensitivity of soil enzyme activity used to a soil fertility index and find a reasonable evidence to make soil productivity develop sustainly. The main results are as follows:1. As a whole, the effects of soil enzyme activities on treatments were as follows: the intervase,urease and alkali-phosphatase activities were higher in F treatment. Fertilization played a little role in increasing catalase activity. For intervase, organic treatments were relatively superior to inorganic treatments in increasing activity, especially applying straw or straw with inorganic N and P fertilizer. For urease activity,applying goat feces or straw with inorganic N and P fertilizer was higher than that in inorganic N and P fertilizer treatment,goat feces had significantly positive role in 0-10cm layer. For alkali-phosphata -se activity, the SNP which was in organic treatments and NP in inorganic treatments activities were relatively higher in all treatments.2. In wheat growth,the dynamical changes of soil enzyme activities in three layers were as follows:the catalase activity in F,CK and inorganic treatments was from increase to decrease,fluctuantly,and was highest in filling stage, but was higher at seedling and harvesting stage than that from tillering to filling stage in organic treatments.For intervase,the changes was not significant,and was highest at harvesting stage.For uerase, it increased rapidly at early stage,and reached to the peak at tillering stage, then gradely decreased,and was lowest at harvesting stage.For alkali-phosphatase, it decreased from seedling stage to jointing stage,then reached to the peak at filling stage,then decreased at harvesting stage.3. Soil enzyme activities in profile were: with the increasing of the soil depth,intervase, urease, and alkali-phosphatase activities decreased except catalase. 4. The effects of soil nutrients on fertilization were:the contents of soil organic matter, total N and total P at harvesting stage was lower than that before seedling in all treatments, soil organic matter and total N contents were not significant in 20-40cm layer. The content of total P in NP or SNP treatment was significantly higher than others. But total K was increase in inorganic treatments.The content of avail N in F and applying fertilizer treatments were higher than CK except seedling stage. For avail P, NP treatment was significantly higher than others except filling stage.For avail K, it was not significant in treatments.5. The dynamical changes of soil avail nutrients were:with the advancing of wheat,the content of avail N increased at tillering stage, and decreased at jointing stage in F,CK and inorganic treatments in 0-10cm and 10-20cm layer,but increased from filling to harvesting stage.For avail P, it was highest at seedling stage. For avail K,it was decrease from seedling to harvesting stage.6. The yield in treatments was: the treatments which was fertilizing was high signficantly larger than that in CK.The treatments which mixing fertilizer were significantly higher than that in applying fertilizer treatments. The difference between N,P treatment and M,S was significance.7. Correlation showed that: catalase and alkali-phosphatase was high significantly positive correlation. Intervase, urease,and alkali-phosphatase were significantly or high significantly positive correlation at wheat growth.At harvesting stage ,intervase,urease and alkali-phosphatase were high significantly positive correlation with soil organic matter.Urease and alkali-phosphatase was significantly positive with total N.Urease and total P were high significantly positive correlation.Catalase and avail N was significantly positive correlation.Intervase, urease and alkali-phosphatase were high significantly positive correlation with avail K,but not significant correlation with avail P and K. Soil enzyme activities were not significant correlation at harvesting stage in three layers in this study.