| Sugar cane is the most important sugar crop that grows in tropical and subtropical regions.The sugarcane production in southern China is relatively large,but the nutrients provided by the soil in the south cannot meet the physiological needs for sugarcane growth.Therefore,a large amount of reasonable technical fertilization work is needed in southern China to ensure the southern region of China.The output of sugarcane reaches the goal of high yield.In the current status of sugar cane production in China,the production cost of sugar cane is high and the fertilizer utilization rate is low.At the same time,the environmental problems caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizers are also serious.(1)According to incomplete data,there are many problems in the fertilizer application process in China.There are often low fertilizer utilization rates and high labor costs.Therefore,in the process of planting,improving and optimizing the application of fertilizer is an urgent problem to be solved in sugar cane production.In view of this,the study was conducted through the Baisha Experimental Base in Minhou County,Fujian Province,with 10 treatments(without fertilizing CK,organic fertilizers F and M applied only,chemical fertilizers NPK and NK applied only,and organic fertilizers applied with chemical fertilizers FNPK,FNK,and MNPK And MNK,bag-controlled fertilization(DNPK),continuously studied the biological characteristics of sugarcane throughout the growing period of sugarcane,taking into account the variability of different fertilization treatments,and the sugarcane growth traits and soil nutrient and biological factors of each fertilizer treatment.Analyze and obtain the soil nutrient content,sugarcane yield,soil enzyme activity and bacterial community characteristics of different sugar treatments of sugarcane,conduct research and diagnosis on the growth of sugarcane,clarify the effect of each fertilizer treatment on the soil environment of sugarcane,and reduce fertilizer waste.To increase the expected economic benefits of sugarcane and provide theoretical guidance and scientific evidence for the development of sustainable crop management measures.The main findings are as follows:The fertilization treatment had a significant effect on sugarcane yield.Compared with non-fertilized CK,the effective strain,plant height,stem diameter and sugar content of sugarcane were all significantly different.Among them,organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer had the most significant effect on sugarcane yield.The highest plant height,stem diameter and sugar content of FNPK treatment were 254cm,2.93cm and 16.71,respectively.There was no significant difference in the total number of plants in each fertilization treatment period for the whole growth period of sugarcane.With the seasonal changes of fertilization time,the number of effective stems of sugarcane increased significantly from the elongation stage to the mature stage,and the maximum increase of MNPK treatment reached 91.56%.(2)The effects of fertilization treatments on soil nutrients were significant,and the soil organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen contents were basically the same throughout the growth period of sugarcane,and they all showed the highest values during the tillering period.With the growth of sugarcane,All indicators showed a trend of decreasing gradually until the sugarcane harvesting period was reduced to the minimum;from the change of the content of the growing period,the available nutrient content of other fertilization treatments was lower than before the experiment,but the controlled release of the bags The trend of nutrient content in fertilizer treatment is relatively stable,achieving the effect of sustained release of fertilizer effect.(3)By studying the dynamic changes of sucrose,urease and acid phosphatase activity in different fertilization treatments,it was found that each fertilization treatment had a certain influence on the enzyme activity of sugarcane in each growth period,and was significantly higher than the non-fertilizer treatment.Each fertilization treatment on soil The change trends of enzyme activity were consistent,and they all reached the maximum value during the growth period of sugarcane tillering.(4)Through the PCR-DGGE test method,it was found that each fertilization treatment had a significant effect on the soil bacterial community,and the diversity of bacterial communities treated with organic fertilizers was higher.From the similarity point of view,the similarity between the compound fertilization and single fertilization treatment soil was greater.,reached 75%;on the analysis of diversity index,increased organic fertilizer had no significant effect on soil bacterial diversity.There was a positive correlation between soil bacterial diversity and soil physiochemical factors such as nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic matter,and no significant correlation with soil pH. |
PDF Full Text Request