Study On The Antler Growth Characteristic And Laws And Blood Protein Polymorphism In Gansu Wapiti

The objective of this study was Gansu wapiti in the Sunan deer farm, Studied the antler growth laws and characteristics of Gansu wapiti. Eight blood protein loci of 66 deers in Gansu Wapiti were detected by using vertical polyamylamide gel electrophoresis. Analyzed correlation of Gansu wapiti blood protein loci and economic characters, and founded mathematical model. The result showed as follow:1. The cast date was at the last third of the March to the first half of June, the sawn-off date was at the last third of the June to the first third of the August. Antler growth day was from 59 to 91d. There were differences among different ages at antler growth phases, The days of antler growth from the cast to the sawn-off were 11~19d, 5~8d, 11~21d,15~25d,17~22d and 7~9d. Antler base became shorter with age growth.2. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between left and right antlers in the space between the first and second branch of 5 sawing deer and the length of the third branch of 11 sawing deer. It was non-relativity or negative relativity between antler tine circle and other antler scale, the difference between the space between the first and second branch and other antler scale is bigger. The antler scale affected significantly to fresh antler yield were the antler trunk circle(X3),the first branch circle(X4), the antler length(X8) and the third branch length(X11), General linear model was founded for fresh antler yield and these antler scales.3. Fresh antler yield per deer increased like a parabola with age, 10 sawing age was the highest (5.69±1.16kg) and then decreased, it was high and steady at 6 sawing age. Growth rate of antler accelerated with ages, the speediest was 10 sawing age (67.9±14.1g/d).4. The polymorphism of Tf,Hb,Alb,Pa,Prt1,Prt2 and Serum ES were exhibited 3,1,1,2,2,2 and 3 genotype, Blood ES was not existent. All Loci of phenotypes lie in Hardly-Weinberg equilibrium state except Tf and Prt2 Loci. The variability of Tf was biggest(the heterozygosity was 0.5863), The sequence of heterozygosity was Tf﹥Prt2﹥ES﹥Pa﹥Prt1﹥Hb=Alb, and the average heterozygosity of polymorphism Loci for Gansu Wapiti was 0.3505.5. It was up to significant difference(P<0.05) for Tf locus and antler base circle, first branch circle, antler length, for Prt1 Locus and fresh antler yield, antler neck circle, antler trunk circle, first branch circle, first branch length, antler length. The effect value analysis showed that it was up to significant difference(P<0.05) for AC type of Tf locus and antler base circle, first branch circle, antler length, for AA type of Prtl locus and fresh antler yield, antler neck circle, antler trunk circle, first branch circle, first branch length, antler length. Therefore, we can use the AC type of Tf locus and the AA type in prt 1 as the deer's marker to make the breeding of Gansu wapiti.