Comparative Studies On Sensitivity And Activity Of Tissue Anti-oxidation About Eimeria Tenella In Four Local Chicken Breeds

Local chicken breeds resources of China are unique in the world.Some breeds aregenotypical particularly.These local chicken breeds are of excellent traits andcharacteristics resistance to diseases, which are good breeder resources.Some localchicken breeds of national poultry breeders resources genepool were studied bymicrosatellite method and DNA polymorphism analysis.In clustering picture Luyuanchicken was different from Gushi,Beijing you and Dagu chicken.Genetic distance ofLuyuan chicken was farther.The other breeds belong to one type.Genetic distancebetween Dagu chicken and Beijing you chicken is nearer.There is no report ofsensitivity to chicken coccidiosis.In this paper, Dagu chicken,Luyuan chicken, Beijing You chicken and Gushichicken were used to study sensitivity and tissue antioxidation activation of localchicken breeds against E.tenella.This work was founded on study of chicken coccidianand anticoccidian poultry breeder.ExperimentⅠ: Four local chicken breeds were randomly divided into treated groupand controlled group of 10 each respectively. In day 20, each chicken in treated groupwas infected 12×10~4 Eimeria tenella sporulation oocysts via the craw. The status ofenergy, appetite, dejecta and the death caused by coccidiosis in treated group were noted.Eight days after infection, all chickens in treated group were weighed and killed.Pathological changes in caecum were observed, the matter in caecum was got andoocysts per gram (OPG) was calculated. Statistic about the index of livability, relativeweight gain rate and etc were completed. All experiments mentioned above wereconducted twice.ExperimentⅡ: Four local chicken breeds were randomly divided into treated groupand controlled group of 6 each respectively. In day 30, each chicken in treated groupwas infected 12×10~5 Eimeria tenella sporulation oocysts via the craw, and then waskilled in the fastigium of the disease. Homogenate of liver, spleen, kidney and caecumwas made, the activity of calalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) wasmensurated. The results were analysed using the method of anova, difference in four local chicken breeds was compared.The results showed as follows:1 Sensitivity to E.tenella of four breeds was different, because anticoccidia indexesof four breeds were less than 120 which indicated it's no resistance tococcidiosis,but there were differences in survival rate, weight gain rate, lesion scoreand oocyst value. Gushi chicken was the most sensitive to E.tenella, which wasaccording to the highest postinfection mortility, most lesion score and lowestanticoccidia index,You chicken was the lowest sensitive to E.tenella, because mortilitywas zero in past infection, lesion score, blood feces score and oocyst per chick werethe least, but the anticoccidia index was highest. Sensitivities to E.tenella of Daguchicken and Luyuan chicken were in the middle of those of Gushi chicken and Youchicken.2 Levels of SOD and CAT activations in post-infection chicken tissues varied,but the variances were different in chicken breeds compared with different tissues of thesame breed. In genenal, SOD activations decreased in spleen, liver, heart and intestine offour breeds,but which increased in kidney tissue. SOD activations increased thendecreased in spleen of Luyuan chicken and liver and heart of Dagu chicken, but whichmaintained constant in liver and intestine of Luyuan, kidney of You chicken andintestine of Gushi. CAT activation that decreased in spleen, liver, heart and kidneytissues of four breeds, increased quickly in spleen and liver of You chicken, and spleenof Gushi chicken, kidney of Dagu chicken and intestine of You chicken, but there wereno significant differences in liver, kidney and intestine of Luyuan chicken. All thoseshowed that variance of cat activation seemed to be relative to sensitivity to E.tenella offour breeds,especially You chicken.