Studies On Developmental Biology And Reproductive Physiology Of Officinal Insect-Eupolyphage Sinensis Walker

1 Threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature to complete development of the egg of Eupolphaga sinensisUnder natural indoor temperature, the threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of the egg of Eupolphaga sinensis were determined through the law of effective accumulated temperature and the least square method. The results showed that the threshold temperature was 13.2℃; the effective accumulated temperature was 807.51 day-degree and the predicting equation of the rate of development was: N=(807.51±69.73)/[T-(13.20±1.36)]. Some points what should be noticed for hatch the egg of Eupolphaga sinensis were suggested.2 The grades of the egg-pouch quality and egg development of Eupolphaga sinensisA number of egg-pouches were selected from breeding pool of Eupolphaga sinensis. Based on the morphological characteristics and the hatch experiment of egg-pouches, the standards of quality and development progress were established. The results classified the quality of egg-pouch into three grades and the development progress into four stages.3 The influence of temperature on the growth of overwinter Eupolyphaga sinensisUnder the constant temperature (30℃), room temperature (10℃) and natural temperature in winter, the weight, mortality and ecdysis rate of the overwinter of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker were investigated. When food was sufficient, increasing temperature may promote growth of the first instar larvae, e.g. increasing weight reducing mortality, and causing ecdysis. The influence of overwinter temperature on the growth of the elder larvae and adults was not significant, but had obvious influence on the livability. The constant temperature of 30℃may result in oviposition of females. 4 The investigation of the female oviposition pattern of female Eupolyphaga sinensis in the growth and reproductive periodUnder the indoor conditions,the oviposition pattern of female Eupolyphaga sinensis was investigated, the number of egg-pouch was recorded. The results showed the female adults of one to three months old had relative great capability of ovipositing. The author suggested that the female adults that were four months old or elder should be reaped.5 Studies on the rearing of Eupolyphaga sinensis without soil mediumUnder the rearing conditions with and without soil medium, the weight, ecdysis rate,livability and female oviposition pattern of Eupolyphaga sinensis in both growth and overwinter periods were studied. The results showed that when food was sufficient, there was no difference of growth of Eupolyphaga sinensis rasied with and without soil medium. The livability of elder larvae and female adults and capability of oviposition of female adults were rather high. The experiments indicated that the rearing technique without soil medium should be applied in rearing of Eupolyphaga sinensis.6 Studies on the reproductive system of Eupolyphaga sinensisThe tissue of inner reproductive system and the structure of outer reproductive organ were studied. The ovarian development of Eupolyphaga sinensis in different growth periods was analyzed. The outer reproductive organ and the relationship between conformation of the ninth abdomere and egg pouch were discussed. The results showed: The female inner reproductive system included 6 overioles and 1 lateral oviduct in the both side but have no median oviduct. The female outer reproductive organ composed by dorsal ovipositor, abdomen ovipositor and inner ovipositor. The male inner reproductive system included testis, seminal duct, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and male accessory gland, and based on the colour the male accessory gland would be separated into 3 parts. The male outer reproductive organ composed by right phallomere, distiphallus and left phallomere but have no clasper. The varietions of the reproductive system of growth-season Eupolyphaga sinensis indicated that the development of overiole and accessory gland had influence on the reproduction ability. There was close relationship between the outer reproductive organ and the structure of abdominal end of female adults and the surface conformation of egg-pouch.7 Studies on protein of accessory gland of Eupolyphaga sinensis in reproductive periodCrude proteins were extracted from the accessory gland of Eupolyphaga sinensis. With the experiment of SDS-Page, Electrophoretogram was established. The results showed that the secretions of accessory gland of female Eupolyphaga sinensis were richful, the left and the right secretions of the accessory gland of female adult were different. Each part of the accessory gland of male adult had different secretions. The function of the accessory gland indicated the great significance in the process of reproduction.8 Ultramicroscopic structure of accessory gland of Eupolyphaga sinensisThe female and male gland accessories of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The ultramicroscopic structure of female accessory gland showed that many well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, melanin granules and microfilaments were existed in the adenous duct. It indicated that these secretory cells were involved in protein synthesis,and synthesized substance was secreted into gland lumen in this region. The space between the spikes in the male accessory gland had inclusion. Many rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrium and lysosome existed in the secretory cell of gland lumen. It also testified the function of protein synthesis of male accessory gland. The studies showed that the ultrastructure and function of female and male accessory gland had oblivious relationships.