Studies On Optimizing Breeding Model In Eupolyphaga Sinensis Walker (Blattaria: Polyphagidae)

The Chinese ground beetle (Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker) is a medical insect and a kind of edible insect belonging to Polyphagidae family, Blattaria order, Insecta class, which can be developed into a sanitarian foodstuff. For its great officinal value, its wild resources going shorter and his consumption increasing remarkably, a new industry derived from E. sinensis is booming. In this study, we focus on optimizing breeding model of the Chinese ground beetle to improve present breeding status. The results showed as follows:1. Distinguishing nymphal instars of E. sinensisAccording to mensurate the abdomen width, body length and body mass just after ecdysis of different instar nymphs of E. sinensis systemically, it can be perceived that they change according to certain rule. So the abdomen width, body length, and body mass of nymphal instar of E. sinensis can be regarded as the criterion of distinguishing nymphal instars.2. Effects of temperature, moisture level of soil and different soil on the development of E. sinensisThe effects of temperature, moisture level of soil and different soil on the development of oocyte, male adults and sixth instar nymphs of E. sinensis were studied by means of orthogonal method. The results revealed that: in the testing conditions, temperature was the main factor affecting the developmental duration, increment of body mass, rate of increment of body mass, ratio of increment of body mass, increment of abdomen width, rate of increment of abdomen width and ratio of increment of abdomen width during tested stages of E. sinensis. The oocyte duration, longevity of male adults, rate of increment of body mass and ratio of increment of abdomen width were differentsignificantly between different temperature treatments while 6 nymphal duration, rate of increment of abdomen width and ratio of increment of body mass were not as well. The developmental duration, increment of body mass, rate of increment of body mass, ratio of increment of body mass, increment of abdomen width, rate of increment of abdomen width and ratio of increment of abdomen width had no significant difference between treatments with different soil and different moisture level of soil. The optimizing results showed that the A3B3C3 combination (temperature: 33 0.5, moisture level of soil: 25%, mixture of kaleyardsoil and wooden scraps: 6/1, w/w) was the best breeding conditions. The regression equations of the relationship of the three factors on the duration of sixth instar nymphs, life of male adults, rate of increment of body mass, ratio of increment of body mass, rate of increment of abdomen width and ratio of increment of abdomen width were set up respectively.3. Artificial diets of elder female nymphs of E. sinensisThe nutritional requirements of E. sinensis such as protein were tested. Four compound feedingstuffs with three different contents of protein were designed by software and tested for the increment of body mass per day and conversion efficiency of integrated diets (CEI) of elder female nymphs. Results showed that: nymphs in ninth instar got highest increment of body mass per day (IPD) (25.5 2.73mg/individual.d) reared recipe 4 (containing 28.8842% protein), and got best CEI (64.1%) raised recipe 3 (containing 22.0000% protein). One kg increment of body mass need 1.5586kg recipe 3 feedingstuff which cost only 2.60 RMB. Nymphs in instar 11 got best increment per day (IPD) (46.5 + 7.64 mg/individual.d) and best CEI ( 93.2%) feeding with recipe 4 (containing 28.8842% protein). One kg increment of body mass need 1.4705kg recipe 4 feedingstuff which cost only 1.29 RMB.4. The first time of food intake of E. sinensis reared with different soil and moisture level of soil just after ecdysisThe first time of food intake of E. sinensis after moulting were examined in different soil and moisture level of soil. In kaleyard soil containing 10% moisture, the first time of food intake for nymphs in 6th-11th instar and female adults was 3.8d, 3.8d, 3.2d, 3.3d, 3.0d, 3.0d, 3.0d respectively whereas the firs...