Study Of Physiological And Biochemical Properties On Sexual Differentiation Of Melon

The melon NILs of monoecious and andromonoecious was bred through back–cross and self-cross of 12 generation which was experimental material of this study. The experiment included RAPD marking of melon sexual gene, the morphologic observing of melon flower bud, the special protein research of melon sexual differentiation and content analysis of melon internal hormone and polyamines during melon sexual differentiation. The results were as follows.The RAPD was on the basis of optimizing various factors of the melon RAPD system. 300 random primers were used, 288 primers had amplified belts, the amplification rate was 96%. 9 primers could stability repeat 2~3 times. But only the S152 primer could stability mark out the different belt which was about 550kb after repeated amplification many times. The polymorphic belt was named S152550 which was tested by 315 individual of the F2 population. The new-combination rate beteen the polymorphic mark and the sexual gene was 11%.Through microscopic observation on different diameter bud and the top of stem of the melon NILs, the development period of melon flower were exact divided. The results found that the melon sex differentiation process first experienced hermaphroditic stage, then developed into male, female or hermaphroditic flower. There were no clear differences before the hermaphroditic stage. After hermaphroditic stage, stamen grown rapidly and female and hermaphroditic bud became to sunken at the center of bud and form ovary which was the time that male, female first appeared differences. Then stamen and pistil developed into male flower, female flower and hermaphroditic flower respectively. In development process, there was longer time from hermaphroditic to megaspore than from hermaphroditic to microspore.The melon nutrition organ (leaves) and production organs (the female, the male and the hermaphroditic flower) was used for SDS-PAGE. The results showed: there was 30KD protein only in leaves, 27KD protein was rich expressed in leaves than in buds which had no differences between the melon NILs; 38KD protein was only appeared in the female flower, the male flower and hermaphroditic flower which content were similar; 25KD protein was only in the female and hermaphroditic flower which was probably "key protein" of pistil expression;12KD protein in the male flower and hermaphroditic flower which was probably "key protein" of stamen development. 18KD...