Effects Of Fertilization And Density On Growth And Development And Content Accumulation Of Salvia Miltiorrhiza

This paper used Henan purity medicinal Yu Salvia miltiorrhiza as material, adopted two factors random design,studied separately that effects of fertilization and density on annual Salvia miltiorrhiza flower bud differentiation, growth dynamic,production and quality.The main results are as follows: (\)Salvia miltiorrhiza flower bud differentiation can be divided into eight stages mainly, such as: flower bud last differentiation(inflorescence primordium formative stage), Inflorescence primordium elongation,Floret primodium formative stage,Bracteal leaf differentiation,Sepal differentiation.Petal differentiation and Stamen differentiation,Pistil differentiation and so on.I fertilization and density have no effects on flower bud differentiation .(2)Salvia miltiorrhiza individual fresh weight of overground part showed increase tendendcy in the late August,and reached the fastest increase speed in the July, then began to descend at the beginning September;dry weight of overground part had long increasing, being all increasing before early September, then began to descend after this;The increase tendency of plant height showed a straight line ,and increased slowly after florescence.The smaller density,the smaller plant, the lower individual fresh weight, plant growth slower. Applying nitrogenous fertilizer made the overground growth peak ahead, promoted single plant overground fresh weight; Adding of K fertilizer was better for the overground dry weight accumulating. The results of variance analysis indicate that, effects of fertilization and density on single plantoverground weight all reached the significant difference level, but interaction had no significant difference. Density showed negative effects to plant height growth; Adding P,Kfertilizer was better to the plant height growth.(3)The plant radicated and increase root numbers at first,then began elongation and wide growth. Root numbers increased as 'S' curve,widen of root diameter showed ascended trendency.Fresh and dry weight of underground part (root) slowly increased in prophase,in August began increase fastly, then increased steadily,after October slowly increased gradually,even stoped. Annual Salvia militiorrhiza root/shoot ratio increased gradually with increasing of growth days,after August increasing speed is faster than before. Dry weight accumulation of underground part Iaged clearly behind overground part. Effect of fertilization and density on single root numbers had reached 1ï¼…significanct level, interaction has no significant difference.As for single fresh weight and dry weight, fertilization,density and theirs interaction all reacher 1ï¼…significanct level,the optimum is the treatment of space between plants and rows 30×35cm,When space between plants and rows are 20×25cm, N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:1:2,Salvia miltiorrhiza have the biggest of root/shoot ratio at harvest.(4)The growth tendency of the peridrm depth showed firest ascended then descended. The growth curve of cortex and phleom looked as "W",and there had two speediness growing process. Xylem depth showed a descend tendency in prior period, a parabolical tendency in middle period, a straightness tendency in later period.Adding of P,K fertilizer promoted the development of periderm,cortex and phleom, Kalium fertilizer was better to the development of xylem. The depth of cortex,phleom and xylem were the thickest,when space between plants and rows was 20×25cm.(5) Tanshionâ…¡A chiefly distributed in peridem,its content was slow in prophase growth of Salvia militiorrhiza, in September it reached the highest,then began to descend; total weight of Tanshinonâ…¡A reached peak, after this began to descend. Danfenshuan B chiefly distributed in cortex,phloem and xylem,its content have twice ascended tendency.The first increase peak is from May to July, then began the second accumulation. Danfenshuan B content began fast increasing in August, Total weight of DanfensuanB began increasing fastly after Agust, in September and October it keep steady, then increased after October again. Increase speed of root (dry) output present 'slow-quick-slow' change tendency.Growth slowly from May to July, begin fast increase from July to September, after this trends grew steady.Effect of fertilization and density on root fresh weight and dry weight have reached 1ï¼…significance level,but interaction only significant affect dry weight.When space between plants and rows are 20×25cm, Tanshinonâ…¡A content reached the heighest.Increasing P,K fertilizer can ameliorate the descended tendency of Tanshinonâ…¡A content, Increasing K fertilizer advanced Danfenshuan B content highten.Considering synthetic output,effective ingredient content and total weight,the optimum was the treatment of space between plants and rows 30×35cm, N:P₂O₅:K₂O =1:1:2,annual Salvia militiorrhiza harvest was better after November.