| As a high-yield dominant goose breed,Yangzhou goose is of medium size,rough feed tolerance,strong adaptability,delicious meat quality,high uniformity,and stable genetic performance.It is welcomed by farmers.However,in recent years,the industrialization process of goose has accelerated.The market demand for goose breeds of large size(with gray patches on both sides of the head and back)is increasing.In order to meet the changing needs of this market,the differentiation and breeding of Yangzhou goose was carried out,and the Yangzhou goose A was initially formed.Strain(YA,high-yielding type),Yangzhou goose B line(YB,dual-use type),Yangzhou goose C line(Yc,fast-growing type).It is also found that some goose feathers show variegated feathers.During the breeding process,the genetic diversity of different strains and the genetic law of variegated plumage were tested.In this paper,three Yangzhou goose strains bred by the Yangzhou Goose Breeding Center were used as experimental objects.The STR genetic diversity of the three Yangzhou goose strains was tested.Further crossbreeding tests were conducted to verify the existence of heterosis among different strains.By establishing experimental popμLations of piebald feathers and white plumage gooses,the research was conducted on the genetic law of piebald plumage.The study will select breeding lines for Yangzhou goose and improve the meat quality.The scientific foundation of goose production performance The main results of this study are as follows:1.In order to find out the genetic diversity of different strains of Yangzhou goose after differentiation and breeding,the genetic diversity of STR on 10 microsatellite loci of 3 strains of Yangzhou goose was tested,and a total of 41 alleles were detected.The average number of alleles is 4.4,ranging from 2-10,the average observed heterozygosity is 0.50,and the average PIC is 0.49,of which only the Yc strain is highly polymorphic,PIC=0.52>0.5,and the other two strains are PIC<0.5,which is moderately polymorphic.Therefore,it is believed that the genetic variation of the Yc strain is still high,and further breeding and purification are required to reduce its genetic diversity.2.In order to verify whether there is heterosis between different strains of Yangzhou goose,strain A and strain C were selected as the research objects.The resμLts showed that the heterosis rate of fertilization rate and hatching rate of YCA were 0.8%and 5.6%,respectively;Heterosis,but the average body weight at 10 weeks of age has a certain heterosis.YCA combined body size did not show heterosis.The heterosis rate of YCA’s leg muscle rate and pectoral muscle rate were 9.12%and 5.45%,respectively.Muscle nutritional value measurement resμLts showed that the YCA leg muscles had the highest pH content and the YCA chest muscles had the lowest content(P<0.05);the protein content was highest in the YCA leg muscles,and the YCA combination had the lowest content in the chest muscles(P<0.05);The combination of YC♂×YC♀ had the lowest leg muscles,while YCA had the highest chest muscles(P<0.05).Crossing of different strains of Yangzhou goose showed obvious heterosis in growth and development traits,but not obvious heterosis in meat quality traits3.In order to reveal the genetic rμLes of piebald plumage in Yangzhou goose,a hybrid combination of white plumage(Yw)and piebald plumage(Ysp)was established.According to the separation of offspring’s plumage,the hypothesis was verified and it was proposed that there are three different positions for the separation of plumage characteristics Point control,controlling the yellow feather position W to be dominant,controlling plaque feather position S to be recessive,and feather color dilution gene D to show incomplete dominant inheritance(local spotting),and the goose beak was found Black spots and piebald feather color are linked genetically.According to the genetic law,a matching technical scheme of piebald goose Ysp ♂(wwssdd)× YW♀(wwssDD)。was further studied.All white feathers(P<0.05),and maintain this advantage to 10 weeks of age。To sum up,the diversity of YA and YB strains is already at a low level,and Yc still needs to further strengthen the breeding and purification to reduce its genetic diversity.Crossing of different strains of Yangzhou goose can obtain obvious heterosis in growth and development traits.With further breeding of line C,it can be expected that the heterosis will become more apparent in the future.The traits of the feather color of the piebald are controlled by 3 loci,the control of the yellow down feather site W is the dominant epitope,and the control of the plaque feather site S is recessive Heredity,control of feather color dilution gene D was incompletely dominant,and it was found that the black spots of goose beak and piebald feather color were linked and inherited,and a matching technical scheme Ysp♂(wwssdd)× YW ♀(wwssDD)。... |
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